Huge icebergs. Exercise

November 12, 1956 at Pacific Ocean The largest iceberg in history was discovered. Its length was 335 km. Ice cliffs have always aroused the interest of researchers, travelers and ordinary people. We will tell you about the five most famous icebergs in history.

Iceberg "Titanic"

This unremarkable iceberg became famous thanks to the great ship it sank. The giant British ship, which its creators claimed was distinguished by its increased strength, sank after colliding with a block of ice on April 14, 1912, resulting in the death of 1,495 people.

It is known that the iceberg broke off from a glacier in Melville Bay in Greenland on June 24, 1910 at 12:45 p.m. The wandering mountain had a height of 105 m and a weight of 420 thousand tons. While sailing across the Atlantic, the iceberg greatly decreased in size, but was still massive enough to ram and sink a 66 thousand-ton liner.

After the collision with the ship, the mountain was picked up by a warm current and six months later brought it to Franz Josef Land. Here a half-melted, loose iceberg ran aground and, after overwintering until the summer of 1913, melted.

Fletcher Island

Fletcher Ice Island (or T-3) is an iceberg discovered by explorer Joseph Fletcher in the late 1940s. This is one of the most famous drifting islands. It broke off from the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf. The area of ​​the island was 90 square meters. km, the ice thickness is up to 50 m. From 1952 to 1978, drifting scientific stations were repeatedly located on it. In the early 1980s, the iceberg was believed to have been carried out into the North Atlantic and melted.

B-15 largest iceberg

The largest iceberg in the history of scientific observations (documented and studied by scientists), an iceberg called B-15, broke off from the Antarctic ice shelf in 2000. Its area was approximately 11 thousand square meters. km. For two and a half years, this ice giant the size of Jamaica was locked in the Ross Sea, and in 2003 it split into two pieces. They, too, in turn, split into pieces over the years. The iceberg discovered in 1956 was larger, it had an area of ​​31 thousand square meters. km, however, has not been studied by scientists, unlike the B-15.

Record holder of the Northern Hemisphere

In 2010, near the Greenland coast, employees of the Canadian Ice Observation Service discovered the most big iceberg Northern Hemisphere over the last half century - the size of a third of Kyiv (260 sq. km.). Among the thousands of icebergs that break off from the Greenland glaciers, such giants are a very rare sight. If this huge ice floe were to move south of Greenland, it would seriously hinder shipping in the Atlantic.

The largest iceberg known to scientists was an Arctic flat ice floe with an area of ​​sq. km (335 km long and 97 km wide, i.e. its size exceeded the territory of Belgium), which was located 240 km west of Scott Island in the South Pacific Ocean. This iceberg was discovered by the American merchant ship Glacier on November 12, 1956. The 61 m thick (360 sq km) Arctic ice island T. 1, discovered in 1946, was monitored for 17 years. The tallest iceberg measured - 167 m - was spotted off the west coast of Greenland by the American icebreaker East Wind in 1958.

March 6" href="/text/category/6_marta/" rel="bookmark">March 6, 1987, taken by the American K2 expedition. According to satellite imaging equipment, the height of this mountain is m, in contrast to 8610 m, as was officially considered in the 19th century, and 8760 m in the 20th century. This can be compared with the latest data on the height of Everest - 8848.1 m, as established by Chinese studies in July 1973. On July 31, 1954, 14 months after the conquest of Everest, Italians A. Nampanyoni and L. Lacedelli climbed to the top of K2.

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The highest lake.

Titicaca.

The world's highest navigable Lake Titicaca ( maximum depth 370 m), area about 8285 sq. km. (4790 sq. km. in Peru, 3495 sq. km. in Bolivia), in South America. Its length is 209 km, height - 3811 m above sea level.

Not far from Everest there is an unnamed glacial lake, whose height is 5880 m above sea level.

The most big lake in the mountains of Tibet Nem Tso, with an area of ​​1956 square meters. km, located at an altitude of 4578 m above sea level.

The most powerful eruption.

Volcano Krakatoa.

The most powerful eruption was that of Krakatoa, which is an island in the Sunda Strait, between the islands of Sumatra and Java, Indonesia. It occurred at approximately 10 a.m. local time (3.00 GMT) on August 27, 1883. The wave resulting from the volcanic explosion demolished 163 villages and killed 36,380 people. The stones flew up to a height of 55 km, and the dust settled at a distance of 5330 km. 10 more days. The volcanic explosion was recorded 4 hours later on the island of Rodrigues, located 4,776 km away, as a “roar of heavy guns” and was heard over 1/13 of the surface of the globe.

Recently, experts involved in the study of global warming came to a disappointing conclusion: the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica, the largest floating piece of ice in the world, is melting not only from below, as previously thought, but also from above. This means that it will crack much faster than expected. This, in turn, will lead to a sharp rise in global sea levels.

"Boy" misbehaved

For two weeks in January 2016, very warm weather resulted in partial melting of a 300,000 square mile area of ​​the Ross Shelf. Scientists have recorded such a significant melting of ice in Antarctica for the first time, and although this time the water that melted from above in the “plate” of ice froze again, the very fact of this process does not paint a very rosy future for Antarctica and the entire Earth.

The reason for the warm weather was the El Niño phenomenon (translated from Spanish as “the boy”). This is the name for fluctuations in the temperature of the surface layer of water in the equatorial part of the Pacific Ocean, which significantly affects the climate. As the surface of the Pacific Ocean warms around the equator, currents carry warm waters to Canada, the United States and Antarctica. This time El Niño got a little lost and brought warmth to West Antarctica, which is unusual for it.

What's next

Scientists suspect that the more our planet warms, the more often El Niño will be carried into the wrong places, and, accordingly, the Ross Shelf will flood faster. But it is ice shelves that keep Antarctic ice from calving and melting, raising sea levels. If the Ross Shelf breaks in two, ice will be released into the water much faster.

Climate researchers at Ohio University estimate that if the Ross Shelf, a major outpost in the path of melting glaciers, collapses, sea levels will rise by 11 feet (3.35 meters). This would result in nearly 30,000 square miles of flooding in the United States alone.

In November 1956, the largest iceberg in history was discovered in the Pacific Ocean. Its length was 335 km. Ice cliffs have always aroused the interest of researchers, travelers and ordinary people. We will tell you about the five most famous icebergs in history.

ICEBERG TITANIC

This unremarkable iceberg became famous thanks to the great ship it sank. The giant British ship, which its creators claimed was highly durable, sank after colliding with a block of ice on April 14, 1912, resulting in the death of 1,495 people.
It is known that the iceberg broke away from the glacier in Melville Bay, Greenland, on June 24, 1910, at 12:45 p.m. The wandering mountain had a height of 105 meters and a weight of 420 thousand tons. During its voyage across the Atlantic, the iceberg was greatly reduced in size, but was still massive enough to ram and sink a 66,000-ton liner.
After the collision with the ship, the mountain was picked up by a warm current and six months later brought Franz Joseph to Earth. Here, a half-melted, loose iceberg ran aground and, after overwintering until the summer of 1913, melted.

This iceberg could have destroyed the Titanic. Traces of red paint left from the ship's hull were found on it Photo: Wikipedia

Photo: Global Look

FLETCHER ISLAND

Fletcher Ice Island (or T-3) is an iceberg discovered by explorer Joseph Fletcher in the late 1940s. This is one of the most famous drifting islands. It broke off from the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf. The area of ​​the island was 90 square meters. km, ice thickness is up to 50 meters. From 1952 to 1978, drifting scientific stations were repeatedly located on it. In the early 1980s, the iceberg was believed to have been carried out into the North Atlantic and melted.

Photo: qsl. net

Photo: Global Look

B15 – THE BIGGEST ICEBERG

The largest iceberg in the history of scientific observations (documented and studied by scientists), an iceberg called B15, broke off from the Antarctic ice shelf in 2000. Its area was approximately 11 thousand square meters. km. For two and a half years, this ice giant, the size of Jamaica, was locked in the Ross Sea, and in 2003 it split into two pieces. They, too, in turn, split into pieces over the years. The iceberg discovered in 1956 was larger, it had an area of ​​31 thousand square meters. km, but it has not been studied by scientists, unlike B15.

B-15 Photo: Wikimedia

Photo: Global Look

RECORD HOLDER OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE

In 2010, near the Greenland coast, employees of the Canadian Ice Observation Service discovered the largest iceberg in the northern hemisphere in the last half century - the size of a third of Kyiv (260 sq. km.). Among the thousands of icebergs that break off from the Greenland glaciers, such giants are a very rare occurrence. If this huge ice floe were to move south of Greenland, it would seriously hinder shipping in the Atlantic.

Photo: Wikimedia

Photo: Global Look

HIGHEST

The tallest iceberg was seen in the South Atlantic near the Falkland Islands in 1904. Its peak was located at an altitude of 450 m. Approximately the same height as the famous Empire State Building in New York.