The largest state on the planet, Russia, has about 50 operating national parks on its territory. Most of them are located in the European territory of the country. One of the rich natural places of our state is the Mari Chodra National Park, the attractions of which will be discussed in the article.

General information about the park

The Mari Chodra National Park is located on the territories of the Morkinsky, Zvenigovsky and Volzhsky districts in the Mari-El Republic, which is a subject of the Russian Federation. The area of ​​the park is 366 square kilometers. It was created in 1985 with the aim of protecting rare plant species, of which there are more than 100, from extinction. A photo of the Mari Chodra National Park can be seen in the article.

There are about 15 tourist routes in the park. The main attractions of the Mari Chodra National Park are lakes, for example, Yalchik, Glukhoe, Kichier, as well as the Ilet and Yushut rivers. One of the places frequently visited by tourists is Pugachev's Oak. Tourism in the park plays an important economic role for the republics of Mari-El, Tatarstan and Chuvashia.

The state organization FSBI Mari Chodra National Park controls and carries out tourism and security activities in the park. The property of this organization is a number of natural objects and complexes located in the Middle Volga region.

Perhaps this is one of the favorite places for tourists who come to relax in the territory of the Mari Chodra National Park. There are several recreation centers on the shores of the lake that provide rental services for boats, bicycles and other equipment. According to tourists, there is a beautiful sandy beach with a magnificent view of the shores of the lake, and the areas of the recreation centers are quite well-groomed and there are shops. Tourists also speak positively about the food, which is varied and tasty.

Lake Yalchik is one of the largest natural reservoirs in the park. It consists of two small lakes connected by a bridge. In the summer, when the region is hot, this bridge often dries up, completely separating one lake from another. The waters of Yalchik are home to perch, pike and other types of fish, so for fishing enthusiasts, visiting one of the recreation centers on the shores of Yalchik will be a good choice.

Ilet River

This is one of the popular tourist spots in the Mari Chodra National Park. The river has a length of more than 200 km, most of it is located within the park. The river itself is not wide (several tens of meters), the banks of the upper Ilet are steep, and the banks of the middle and lower reaches are flat, and sandy beaches are often found on them. Surrounded by mixed forests.

The Ilet River is famous for the fact that lovers of active recreation come to it to raft along it, mainly on kayaks and catamarans. The river flow is calm at a speed of 3-6 km/h, so it is well suited for beginner kayaking enthusiasts. There are several routes for rafting along the river, their length ranges from 20 to 90 km.

Pugachev Oak

It is perhaps impossible to imagine a holiday in the Mari Chodra Park without excursions to Maple Mountain, where the oak tree grows. The peculiarity of the oak tree is its size and age, so the diameter and height of the tree are 1.59 m and 26 m, respectively, and the age, according to modern estimates, more than 400 years. A stone was placed near this giant, on which there is an inscription testifying to the events that took place in the second half of the 18th century on Maple Mountain.

According to one legend, Emelyan Pugachev himself climbed this oak tree before making a trip to Kazan. According to another legend, the leader of the uprising climbed a tree after the defeat near Kazan to watch it burn in flames. In any case, it is reliably known that Pugachev’s detachments were in the summer of 1774 in the forests near Maple Mountain.

As for Pugachev's Oak itself, he could have witnessed the uprising, but Pugachev could not climb it, since at that time the tree was still too small. It is believed that Emelyan Pugachev, if he climbed a tree, it was another oak tree, which was even larger than the existing one. It dried up long ago and was cut down in the 40s of the 20th century.

Currently, excursions to the Pugachev Oak are carried out both in the summer on bicycles and cars, and in the winter on skis.

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Presentation on the topic: Mari Chodra

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NATIONAL PARK IS PART OF THE SYSTEM OF PROTECTED AREAS OF THE COUNTRYNational Park “Mari Chodra” was formed in 1985 and became a link in the system of protected areas in Russia. This system includes nature reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and natural monuments that differ in their goals and objectives. In Mari Chodra, the reserve regime is established in the northeastern part of the park.

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The most important objectives of the Mari Chodra Park are: protection and restoration of landscapes of water bodies, characteristic flora and fauna, objects of inanimate nature, historical monuments; protection of natural complexes and their use for recreational, educational and scientific purposes; creation of conditions for long-term recreation and tourism , acquaintance with nature and historical attractions; widespread propaganda among the population about environmental protection issues.

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National parks stand out among them in that they are created not only to protect natural complexes, but also to organize tourism and educational recreation. The combination of these opposing functions within the boundaries of one park is achieved by allocating areas with different modes of use. In 1987, a list of ten state natural monuments was approved in the park: these are lakes Glukhoe, Kichier, Yalchik, Ergesh-er Shut-er, Kuzh-er, hydrogen sulfide Lake Shulgaldan, Klenovogorskaya oak grove (Pugachev oak), the Green Key spring, Klenovaya Gora.

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The Mari Chodra Park is located in the southeast of the Mari El Republic and covers an area of ​​36.6 thousand hectares. Thanks to its location at the junction of geological structures and natural zones, a significant variety of landscapes is created here. The relief is dominated by plains, although their surface is different in the west and east of the park. In its western part, the plains are composed of a thick layer of sandy deposits deposited by rivers and glacier meltwater.

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The basins of almost all lakes are of sinkhole-karst origin. Large lakes occupy bathtubs formed by merging sinkholes, such as Mushan-er and Deaf Lake. Karst sinkholes can be seen in the area of ​​Lake Yalchik. Hiking hunters and lovers of quiet walks, avid fishermen and those who need treatment can all find something suitable for themselves in the Mari Chodra National Park. And so what What could be better than relaxing in the forest?! It’s easier to breathe here: you think better.

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PARK TERRITORY - HISTORICAL OBJECT The territory where the park is located has long been inhabited by the Mari people. The formation of the ancient Mari into the Mari people, or Cheremis, occurred in the 1st millennium AD. Their ancestors were representatives of tribal groups that inhabited the space between the Volga and Oka on the one hand and the Kama on the other. The slow flow of life was disrupted by wars and the intervention of powerful neighbors. Traditions depict events in history such as the Peasant War. They say that Emelyan Pugachev himself stopped on Klenovaya Mountain after the defeat near Kazan in 1774 and, climbing a tall oak tree, watched the fire blaze over the abandoned city. It is believed that the oak tree that currently stands on Klenovaya Mountain is the same one from Pugachev.

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TOURISM AND RECREATION IN “MARIY CHODRA” The lakes are very attractive for tourists, the largest of them and the most famous are Yalchik and Kichier. On the banks of Yalchik there are rest houses, tourist centers, sports and recreational and pioneer camps. Pine and spruce-pine forests surrounding the lake create a microclimate favorable for relaxation. Forests and sandy beaches, the water surface of the lake make the landscapes similar to the Baltic. Lake Kichier with its surrounding dry cobblestone forests is also a popular recreation area. Here is the Kichier sanatorium, the Stroitel sanatorium and rest homes.

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The growing needs of the population for proper recreation require improvement of tourist services in the park. Therefore, new hiking and skiing routes and ecological and educational trails are being developed. To improve the recreational and aesthetic qualities of the territory, tourist towns and parking lots are equipped. The houses of the tourist town of Kugu-er near the lake are designed for a longer period. Yalchik. And in the Klenovogorskoye and Yalchinskoye forest districts there are rental points waiting for you where you can rent a boat, a tent, and various tourist equipment.

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Employees of the Mari Chodra Park annually conduct censuses of animals and birds and take snow samples to study the acidity of the snow cover. The census data makes it possible to detect places where animals gather, their numbers, and to ensure targeted implementation of biotechnical measures. Forestry and ranger services are organized in the park, which conduct raids to protect forest resources, game fauna, reservoirs and their inhabitants.

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The flora of the national park represents 85% of all plant species found on the territory of the Mari El Republic. Of the 1,155 species and subspecies that grow in the park, 980 are representatives of the natural flora, the rest are cultivated and alluvial plants. Protected species growing in the park include red pollenhead, curly lily, May lily of the valley, common bearberry, open lumbago (sleep-grass). The amazing ancient plant white water lily grows in oxbow lakes and lakes.

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The largest waterway in the national park is the Ilet River. This is the left tributary of the Volga. The mud flows in a wide valley. There are many oxbow lakes rich in fish in the valley; Ducks nest and hatch their chicks in them. About fifty Ileti oxbows contain mud that has medicinal properties. Where Ilet approaches the Klenovogorskaya Upland, its valley narrows, the slopes become steep, and in some places even steep, bedrock is exposed, and water springs, including mineral ones, emerge to the surface. There are about two dozen mineral springs in the Maple Mountain area; their waters have a predominantly calcium sulfate composition

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On the basis of the Green Key spring, the Klenovaya Gora sanatorium was built, which operates year-round and has a capacity of 540 beds. Vacationers are accommodated in 1-2 bed rooms. Diseases of the digestive organs and nervous system are treated, hydrogen sulfide mud and mineral water are used. The sanatorium is provided with all the necessary modern medical equipment, there is also a club, a cinema hall, a library, sports grounds, a swimming pool, and excursions to Yoshkar-Ola and Kazan are organized.

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MARI CHODRA, national park in the Republic of Mari El. Founded in 1985. Sq. 36.6 thousand hectares. Located in the river basin. Ilet (left tributary of the Volga) in the southern part of Vyatsky Uval. Karst. Coniferous broadleaf forests. The fauna includes elk, squirrel, chipmunk, hare... ...Russian history

National park in the Republic of Mari El. Created in 1985 on the square. 36.6 thousand hectares for the protection of coniferous-deciduous forests of the Volga region (pine, linden, alder, oak, birch) in the river valley. Fly. 1155 plant species, of which about 10% are rare and... ... Geographical encyclopedia

Coordinates: 56°42′ N. w. 47°52′ E d. / 56.7° n. w. 47.866667° E. d. ... Wikipedia

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Republic in Volgo-Vyatka economic. area. Pl. 23.2 thousand km², capital Yoshkar Ola; other large cities: Volzhsk, Kozmodemyansk. Formed in 1920 as the Mari Autonomous Republic. region, since 1936 – Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, since 1990 – Republic of Mari El. Located… … Geographical encyclopedia

Main article: Mari El As of January 1, 2011, the natural reserve fund of the Republic of Mari El includes 49 specially protected natural sites (SPNA), including: State Nature Reserve "Bolshaya Kokshaga"; National... ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Volzhsky region. Volzhsky district Yulser kundem Coat of arms ... Wikipedia