Capital cities of European countries in alphabetical order. Foreign Europe - countries and capitals Countries and capitals in alphabetical order

How many European capitals can an adult name? Without preliminary preparation, perhaps no more than twenty. Full list Not everyone can provide the capitals of European states orally. There are forty-four in total. This article presents the capitals of European countries in alphabetical order.

A short introduction

Before naming the capital of a European state, which ranks first on our list, it is worth saying that cities can be classified according to various criteria. And by area, and by population, and by age. But in this article we will not give preference to any city. All of them will be named exclusively in alphabetical order. There is a lot that can be said about the capitals of European cities, but only brief information is presented below.

On "A"

Amsterdam is the capital of the European state of the Netherlands. The exact date of foundation is unknown, but the first information about the city dates back to the beginning of the 13th century. In the 14th century, Amsterdam became a major trading center.

Andorra la Vella- the main and most Big City country called Andorra. Just over 20 thousand people live here and there are interesting architectural monuments created back in the Middle Ages.

Which city is the capital of Greece? Even a child can answer this question. Athens is the city where the government of the country sits, which, according to legend, has everything.

On "B"

Belgrade is the capital of a European state, founded earlier than Berlin, Paris and others. famous cities. It was first mentioned under its modern name in the ninth century.

There are many European states and their capitals. But there is a city whose history contains an incredible fact. For several decades it was divided into two parts by a high wall. This is the city of Berlin.

What is the name of the capital of the state that produces the best chocolate and cheese? Berne! And this is perhaps one of the most picturesque cities in the world. However, the one named below is not inferior to it in the beauty of city landscapes.

In the center of Europe is a city that was once the capital of Hungary, but today it leads Slovakia. This is Bratislava.

Capital of Belgium - Small town With difficult history— Brussels. About 150 thousand people live here. At the same time, ethnically the population is quite diverse.

Budapest was founded at the end of the 19th century. It is the largest city in Hungary.

Major cultural events take place in Bucharest economic life Romania. Its population is 180 thousand people.

On "B"

There is a very tiny country in Europe where they speak exclusively German. It gained independence in the sixties of the 19th century. The capital of this state, Vaduz, is home to only five and a half thousand people.

Valletta is the economic and political center of Malta.

Warsaw - ancient European city which was almost completely destroyed during the worst war of the 20th century.

The name of which capital is similar to the name of the state in which it is located? Of course, the Vatican.

In which city are the most famous events held? music festivals? Of course, in the Austrian capital - Vienna.

And finally, which Baltic city begins with "B"? There are many such people who can be named. But only one of them is the capital. This is Vilnius.

From "G" to "L"

The most big city One of those located on the island of Ireland is Dublin. And the largest in Croatia is Zagreb. The ancient and majestic Kyiv lies on the picturesque banks of the Dnieper. And on the Byk River, which flows into the Dniester, there is Chisinau. The cultural, governmental and economic center of Denmark is Copenhagen. The capital of Portugal is Lisbon.

Even schoolchildren, for whom geography is the most hated subject, know that the main city in the country, so often called Foggy Albion, is London. But they are unlikely to be able to answer the question of where the main political and economic institutions of Slovenia are located. And they are all concentrated in Ljubljana. Another capital whose name coincides with the name of the state is Luxembourg.

From "M" to "O"

Madrid is located in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. main city countries of bullfighting and flamenco. And on southeastern slope of the Minsk Upland stands Minsk, founded in the tenth century. The next item on this long list is the capital of big state in the world. It is sometimes called White Stone, although in architectural ensemble, located in the very center, completely different shades predominate. Like Rome, it stands on seven hills. Of course, this is Moscow. And after it on our list comes the largest Norwegian city - Oslo.

From "P" to "X"

The Eiffel Tower, the Champ de Mars, the Seine River - all these are symbols of Paris. What associations do people have when they hear the name of the Montenegrin capital? If he has been to Podgorica, then perhaps he will remember the Cathedral Church or palace complex King Nicholas I Petrovic-Njegos. But the symbols of Prague are considered to be St. Vitus Cathedral, Charles Bridge and the Powder Tower.

Among the European capitals there is one whose name in Russian can be translated as “smoking bay”. This is Reykjavik, a city located on the Seltjadnarnes peninsula. The political center of Latvia is Riga. And the capital of Italy bears the name of the once powerful empire, the birthplace of Julius Caesar: Rome.

San Marino is the capital of the state of the same name. Sarajevo is the political and economic center of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Skopje is the birthplace of the famous Mother Teresa and the capital of Macedonia. What can you say about the Swedish capital? Several decades ago, most of the residents of our country associated this city with the self-confident Carlson. Today, Russian citizens have a deeper knowledge of the culture of Stockholm.

Our list has come to an end. There are only three cities left to name. It's about about the capitals of Estonia, Albania and Finland. Political, economic and cultural centers these states are Tallinn, Tirana and Helsinki respectively.

Here is a map of countries in Russian and a table with sovereign states, as well as dependent territories. They include completely independent states and territories dependent on various European countries. In total, in the European part of the world there are 50 sovereign states and 9 dependent territories.

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According to the generally accepted geographical definition, the border between and Europe runs along Ural mountains, the Ural River and the Caspian Sea in the east, mountain system The Greater Caucasus and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles in the south. Based on this division, the transcontinental states of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey have territories in both Europe and Asia.

The island of Cyprus in Western Asia is close to Anatolia (or Asia Minor) and lies on the Anatolian Plate, but is often considered part of Europe and is a current member of the European Union (EU). Armenia is also entirely in Western Asia, but is a member of some European organizations.

Although providing a clearer separation between and Europe, some traditionally European islands, such as Malta, Sicily, Pantelleria and the Pelagian Islands, are located on the African Continental Plate. The island of Iceland is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which crosses the Eurasian and North American plates.

Greenland has socio-political ties to Europe and is part of the Kingdom of Denmark, but is geographically closer to. Sometimes Israel is also seen as part of the geopolitical processes of Europe.

Other territories are part of European countries but are geographically located on other continents, such as the French overseas departments, the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the African coast, and the Dutch Caribbean territories of Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius.

There are 50 internationally recognized sovereign states with territory located within the general definition of Europe and/or members in international European organizations, of which 44 have their capitals within Europe. All but the Vatican are members of the United Nations (UN), and all but Belarus, Kazakhstan and the Vatican are members of the Council of Europe. 28 of these countries have been members of the EU since 2013, meaning they are highly integrated with each other and partially share their sovereignty with EU institutions.

Political map of Europe with country names in Russian

To enlarge the map, click on it.

Political map of Europe with names of states/Wikipedia

Table of European countries with capitals

Europe is a part of the world that, together with another part of the world, Asia, forms a single continent - Eurasia. Its vast territory contains 44 independent states. But not all of them are part of Foreign Europe.

Foreign Europe

In 1991 it was created international organization CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States). Today it includes the following states: Russia, Ukraine, the Republic of Belarus, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. In relation to them, the countries of Foreign Europe are distinguished. There are 40 of them. This figure does not include dependent states - possessions of a particular state that are not formally its territory: Akrotil and Dhekelia (Great Britain), Aland (Finland), Guernsey (Great Britain), Gibraltar (Great Britain), Jersey (Great Britain) ), Isle of Man (UK), Faroe islands(Denmark), Spitsbergen (Norway), Jan Mayen (Norway).

In addition, this list does not include unrecognized countries: Kosovo, Transnistria, Sealand.

Rice. 1 Map of Foreign Europe

Geographical position

The countries of Foreign Europe occupy a relatively small area - 5.4 km2. The length of their lands from north to south is 5,000 km, and from west to east - more than 3,000 km. extreme point to the north is the island of Spitsbergen, and to the south is the island of Crete. This region surrounded by seas on three sides. In the west and south it is washed by waters Atlantic Ocean. Geographically, Foreign Europe is divided into regions:

• Western : Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, Portugal, France, Switzerland;
• Northern : Denmark, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Estonia;
• South : Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vatican City, Greece, Spain, Italy, Macedonia, Malta, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro;
• Eastern : Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic.

From ancient times to the present day, the development of Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Great Britain, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, and the Netherlands is inextricably linked with the sea. In the west it is difficult to find a place that would be more than 480 km away from the water, and in the east - 600 km.

general characteristics

Foreign European countries vary in size. Among them there are large, medium, small and “dwarf” states. The latter include the Vatican, San Marino, Monaco, Liechtenstein, Andorra, Malta. As for the population, you can mainly observe countries with a small number of citizens - about 10 million people. According to the form of government, the vast majority of countries are republics. In second place are constitutional monarchies: Sweden, the Netherlands, Norway, Luxembourg, Monaco, Denmark, Spain, Great Britain, Andorra, Belgium. And at the last stage in the singular - theocratic monarchy: the Vatican. The administrative-territorial structure is also heterogeneous. The majority are unitary states. Spain, Switzerland, Serbia, Montenegro, Germany, Austria, Belgium are countries with a federal structure.

Rice. 2 Developed countries of Europe and their capitals

Socio-economic classification

In 1993, the idea of ​​European unification received a new lease of life: that year the treaty establishing the European Union was signed. At the first stage, some countries opposed joining the ranks of such an association (Norway, Sweden, Austria, Finland). The total number of countries included in the modern EU is 28. They are united not only by their name. First of all, they "confess" general economy(single currency), common domestic and foreign policy, as well as security policy. But within this alliance, not everything is so smooth and homogeneous. It has its own leaders - Great Britain, France, Germany and Italy. They account for about 70% of the total GDP and more than half of the population of the European Union. The following are small countries, which are divided into subgroups:

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• First : Austria, Denmark, Finland, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden;
• Second : Greece, Spain, Ireland, Portugal, Malta, Cyprus;
• Third (developing countries): Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia.

In 2016, a referendum was held in Great Britain on whether the country should leave the EU. The majority (52%) were in favor. So, the state is on the threshold of a difficult process of leaving the large “European family”.

Rice. 3 Rome - the capital of Italy

Foreign Europe: countries and capitals

The following table provides a list of countries and capitals of Overseas Europe in alphabetical order:

What have we learned?

In this article we talked about the countries and main cities of Foreign Europe. Overseas Europe is a region of Europe. What does it contain? It includes all countries located in the European part of Eurasia, except for states belonging to the CIS. The European Union operates on the territory of Foreign Europe, which has united 28 states under its roof.

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