Pushkinskiye Gory- urban-type settlement, administrative center of the municipality " urban settlement Pushkinogorye" and Pushkinogorsky district of the Pskov region of Russia.

Located 112 km southeast of Pskov, 57 km southeast of the Ostrov railway station (on the Pskov - Rezekne line).

Story

Founded in the 16th century as a settlement Tobolenets(named after the name of the lake) at the Svyatogorsk Monastery.

In the 19th century, the settlement of Tobolenets was a modest volost center with its own government, fire brigade, small hospital, almshouse and reading room. The volost administration was located on Mount Volostnoy (today known as Mount Sunset). The fire station stood in the center of the settlement, opposite it on the hill there was a hospital. Below there were shops and a tavern, closer to the monastery - the houses of merchants and priests. In addition to the Svyatogorsk Monastery, there were three churches and two chapels. In the early 1830s, A.I. Raevsky opened the first free school in the settlement, where 30 children studied. In the 1840s, the Ministry of State Property founded its own school here, and in 1884 a school was opened at the monastery, in which 40 boys studied. At the beginning of the 20th century, twenty primary schools in the village and one five-grade school.

In 1877, a post office was opened in the settlement, and in 1886 a telegraph line ran from Novgorodka to Bezhanitsy. Telephone communication first appeared in 1910. In 1912, the first telephone exchange with 10 numbers was installed, which made it possible to have constant communication with Opochka and five villages. During the First World War, all communication lines were destroyed. In 1912, kerosene lamps were used for street lighting for the first time in the Holy Mountains. Lanterns hung near the house of the volost government, near the tavern and shops. Electricity appeared after the October Revolution of 1917.

On May 25, 1925, a special resolution was adopted by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee: “To rename the village of Tobolenets, the center of the Pushkin volost of the Pskov province, into the village Pushkinskie Gory" Two years later, the village became the center of a district formed as part of the Pskov Okrug Leningrad region by a resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of August 1, 1927, under the name Pushkinsky from Pushkinsky and part of the Veleisky volost of Opochetsky district. The area was called Pushkinsky until 1936. On May 11, 1937, the district was transferred from Velikoluksky to Opochetsky and began to be called Pushkinogorsky.

New district center began to develop in a new way. In 1927 it appeared high school named after A.S. Pushkin, the building had 13 rooms and was designed to educate 480 children. A new hospital (later the House of Soviets), a pharmacy, and a restaurant were built near the school. There were seven streets in the village, three of which were paved and illuminated by electric lamps. In the pre-war years, Pushkin Mountains began at the monastery wall and ended at the secondary school.

On August 23, 1944, when the Pskov region was formed, the area, the center of which was the Pushkin Mountains, was included in its composition.

From February 1, 1963, for four years, Pushkinskie Gory was not a district center, since the district did not exist as an administrative unit and was part of the Novorzhevsky district. The Pushkinogorsky district was restored on December 30, 1966.

Until 1942, there was a railroad station Trigorskaya on the Pskov - Polotsk line. It was destroyed by the Germans.

Culture

There is a Cultural and Leisure Center (8 branches) in Pushkinskiye Gory; central district library (13 branches) with a methodological center; children's art school named after. S. S. Geichenko.

The most outstanding creative team of Pushkin Mountains is Russian song choir, under the leadership of M. E. Fedorova. The choir has existed for more than thirty years, conducts active concert activities, and performs in the district and region. In 2005, the choir took part in the all-Russian holiday - Pushkin Day in Russia. In 2006, the director of the choir was awarded the honorary title “Soul of the Pskov Land”.

The largest cultural events of the Pushkin Mountains are held annually:

  • Pushkin Poetry Festival/Svyatogorsk Fair (first Sunday in June);
  • Day of liberation of the region from Nazi invaders (July 12)
  • Regional theatrical festival “Russian Winter”
  • All-Russian folklore festival “Pskov Pearls” (2nd ten days of July)
  • All-Russian Pushkin Theater Festival (February)
  • International informal Pushkin theater festival “Laboratory of Arts Kordon-2” (1st week of August)

Attractions

  • In the Pushkinogorsky district there is the state memorial historical-literary and natural-landscape museum-reserve of A. S. Pushkin “Mikhailovskoye”, which includes the estates Mikhailovskoye (place of the poet’s exile in 1824-1826), Trigorskoye, Petrovskoye, and the museums “Pushkinskaya Village” " and "Water Mill" in the village of Bugrovo, the settlements of Voronich, Vrev, Velye and Savkina Gorka, as well as Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery- burial place of the poet. The reserve annually hosts the Pushkin Poetry Festival.
  • Temple of the Kazan Mother of God(1765). Konovnitsyn is considered its temple builder.
  • In 2000, on the western outskirts of the Pushkin Mountains, the Argus bird nursery was created (in Latin this is the name of one of the most beautiful views pheasants, and in ancient Greek mythology - the thousand-eyed and vigilant guard). In 2010, the name was changed to the Zoograd ecopark.
  • 12 km from the Pushkin Mountains is the former estate of the Lvovs Altun. A. I. Lvov, who was in 1823-1826. leader of the Pskov provincial nobility, exercised general supervision over the exiled A.S. Pushkin. The layout of the park and several manor buildings have been preserved. In 2008, reconstruction of the estate began, the park was put in order, the pond and the remaining buildings were cleaned and beautified. On the site of the former estate, the Altun Estate hotel is located, and in the premises of the restored barn there is the restaurant “Barn under the Oaks”.

Every year, the sights of the Pushkin Mountains and the surrounding area are visited by more than 300 thousand tourists and excursionists. To accommodate guests of the Pushkin Mountains, the Druzhba Hotel operates, tourist base“Pushkinogorye” and the hotel “Altun Estate”, which opened in October 2011 (12 km from the Pushkin Mountains).

Notable natives

  • Sukhodolsky, Mikhail Igorevich (1965) - Colonel General of Police, former First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of Russia, former head of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region.

Picturesque village Pushkin Mountains, not far from the Svyatogorsk Monastery - this is one large Pushkin Museum-Reserve. Picturesque panoramas, three estate museums dear to the poet’s heart, and other attractions.

There is a green oak near the Lukomorye;
Golden chain on the oak tree:
Day and night the cat is a scientist
Everything goes around and around...
(A. S. Pushkin, “Ruslan and Lyudmila”)

Have you ever wondered at least once in your life whether the same Lukomorye that the famous Russian poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin wrote about exists? Is there a place on the map that so much inspired the master of words for fairy tales and works that became the golden fund of Russian literature? We can tell you with complete confidence - yes. And this place is a village Pushkin Mountains. On this moment here the Pushkin Museum-Reserve unfolded in all its glory.

Hundreds of tourists, both Russian and foreign, visit here every day. It is almost impossible to see all the sights of the museum-reserve in one day. And they don’t visit such places in a hurry. We recommend that you find comfortable spot for an overnight stay and allow yourself to plunge into a fairy tale for at least a couple of days.

Picturesque panoramas, clean and fresh air, as well as a number of attractions associated with the name of the great Russian poet A.S. Pushkin leaves no one indifferent.

Near the village there are the estate museums Mikhailovskoye, Petrovskoye, Trigorskoye.

Museum - Mikhailovskoye Estate

Look into Mikhailovskoe - « family nest"of the great Russian poet, which became the place of his exile for two years. It was in Mikhailovsky that work on “Eugene Onegin” was in full swing and many famous poems were written.

In addition, you can visit the house-museum of A.S. Pushkin: walk along the front hall, look into the maid’s room, where nanny Arina Rodionovna taught the courtyard girls the wisdom of the home, look around the parents’ apartments, the dining room and visit the office of Alexander Sergeevich himself. Much is recreated here based on the memories of contemporaries, the poet’s correspondence, and his works, but there are also memorial items on display.

The estate is surrounded by various buildings, which, unfortunately, were damaged during the war, and some of them were reconstructed literally from the foundation, but such memorable places, like a nanny's house, a mill, Mikhailovsky Park. The park’s alleys will not leave you indifferent: pine, linden, spruce... Among them is the one where the poet read his famous:

“I remember a wonderful moment:
You appeared before me,
Like a fleeting vision
Like a genius of pure beauty..."

It is possible that after such a walk you yourself will want to compose or read a poem. Or maybe you want to send a unique letter, written by yourself with a real quill pen and ink. Yes, yes, this is possible! To do this, just look into the post office.

Trigorskoye Estate Museum

In search of the Lukomorya mentioned in the poem, we propose to go to Trigorskoe, which is located near Mikhailovsky.

Trigorskoye is also called “a shelter dressed in the radiance of muses.” This is the house of A.S.'s friends. Pushkin, a place that became his second home during the years of Mikhailovsky’s exile. Here you can also get acquainted with architectural monuments, visit the Osipov-Wulf house-museum, admire the bathhouse, which in Pushkin’s times could serve as both a house for guests and a place to relax in the heat, and of course was used for its intended purpose.

A special place is occupied by Trigorsky Park - a monument to landscape gardening art of the second half of the 18th century. A winding path will take you along the alleys, past a bathhouse, a gazebo, a cascade of three ponds, lead you into the “green hall” (a place for dancing of Trigorsk youth), go around the spruce tent, under which you can hide from the heaviest rain, and lead you to the very an interesting place in the park - the “sundial”. The shadow from the gnomon installed in the center of the turf circle falls on the “sentinel” oak trees planted along its perimeter. The idea is unusual, and most importantly, it is still preserved. Many of the trees in the park are over two hundred years old.

Every meter in this estate “tells” the presence of Alexander Sergeevich: “Onegin’s bench”, “Tatyana’s alley”, “secluded oak”, and the view of the Sorot River is so reminiscent of an onion that this place has been called Lukomorie since ancient times. So you have found that same mysterious Lukomorye described in the famous poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”. By the way, the oak tree that indicates noon in the sundial and is called “secluded”, according to legend, is the same one from Lukomorsk: a powerful, centuries-old tree has with dignity outlived all the owners of the estate and continues to amaze tourists with its vitality. And there is a chain on that oak tree. True, not made of gold.

Petrovskoye Estate Museum

If you are interested in the genealogy of the Russian poet, then continue your journey at the estate Petrovskoe. Here you will find the house-museum of A.P. Hannibal (great-grandfather of A.S. Pushkin), house-museum of P.A. and V.P. Hannibalov, where, after graduating from the Lyceum, Pushkin met his great-uncle Pyotr Abramovich Hannibal and subsequently visited here during the life of his son Veniamin Petrovich Hannibal. You can also take a walk through Peter’s Park, which is not inferior in its beauty to the previous two.

Museum-village Bugrovo

Let's return a little to the biography of the poet. Alexander Sergeevich spent two years in Mikhailovsky exile - from 1824 to 1826. What do you think such a pastime might look like? If your imagination paints gloomy pictures of some kind of slave labor on arable land or in a stable, or a dark cell with iron bars, then you are deeply mistaken.

Pushkin's exile to Mikhailovskoye is a period of the poet's active acquaintance with the life of the Russian village. Local peasant V.E. Alekseev recalled: “My grandmother was from the village Bugrovo- it’s just a stone’s throw from Mikhailovsky. It used to be that he would go for a walk in the Mikhailovsky Forest or pick mushrooms - and then enter the village. I walked around the huts, wondering how they lived. He wore a village shirt, a straw hat and a cane...” The village was small - only two courtyards. Currently, it has been restored in the form in which A.S. knew it. Pushkin: a peasant’s house, consisting of a black hut and an upper room, a courtyard, a barn, a story, a stable, a bathhouse, a threshing floor, a barn. The small number of households is a phenomenon characteristic of the Pskov province, which is reflected in the poet’s work. And, as you understand, continuing to get acquainted with Pushkin’s places, it is impossible to bypass the place described above, the village of Bugrovo, which is an open-air museum.

Museum "Pushkin Village"- the only museum of wooden architecture in the Pskov region. Here you can get acquainted with the peculiarities of the Pskov peasant’s home, everyday life, local crafts and trades. And what’s more, plunge into a real fairy tale. You will be reminded of the lines from the poem “Winter Evening”: “Sing me a song like a maiden // She walked for water in the morning...”. They will offer to enter into the image of the heroine of the songs, Arina Rodionovna, and try to carry wooden buckets filled with water on a yoke. In the barn you will find an explanation for Pushkin’s epithet “smoky barns”, you will learn how a fairy tale is born from an ordinary pile of peas and how songs and poems appear in the process of threshing in the threshing floor.

There is another attraction in Bugrovo - a mill. In those years when Pushkin lived in Mikhailovskoye, the mill had an impressive appearance. Its dimensions are an area of ​​five by three and a half fathoms, and a height of eight arshins. But this was not the only thing that made the water mill stand out from other village buildings. Unlike them, she was an extremely “talkative” structure. The roar of water rushing along a wooden tray, the grinding of rotating water wheels, shafts and millstones merged into one “mill” aria dominating the entire area, drowning out other sounds. Nowadays, the Bugrovsky water mill has turned into a museum. On weekends (Saturday and Sunday) it is launched, and the millers show the internal structure of the mill and explain the principle of operation of ancient mechanisms. In memory of visiting such unique place You can take home freshly ground flour, packed in a souvenir bag.

Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery

Concluding a walk through Pushkin’s places, it would be logical to look at the poet’s final resting place. Let's go to Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery. It is here, in the Hannibal family cemetery, that the body of the great Russian genius rests. You will find marble monument, commissioned by Pushkin’s widow and guardianship by the St. Petersburg master of monumental works A.M. Permogorov. There is an inscription on it: “Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born in Moscow on May 26, 1799, died in St. Petersburg on January 29, 1837.” People rarely come to this place empty-handed, so at the entrance to the monastery you can always find flower sellers - ordinary field daisies, bells, lilies of the valley and others. As for the Svyatogorsk Monastery itself, it is a special object for acquaintance.

Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery- one of the revered not only in the Pskov region, but throughout Russia. It was founded in 1569. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin often visited here during his Mikhailovsky exile, worked in the monastery library, collecting material for the tragedy “Boris Godunov”. A stone staircase leading up to the mountain called Sinichya leads to the monastery. The first mention of it can be found in chronicles for 1566. The chronicles tell of the appearance to the shepherd Timothy, a resident of the Pskov suburb of Voronich, of miraculous icons of the Mother of God on the Lugovitsa River (now there is a chapel in the village of Lugovka) and Sinichya Mountain, about miraculous signs and healings of the Voronichs who came there in a religious procession. In 1569, by order of Ivan the Terrible, a monastery was founded here. The Svyatogorsk Monastery was endowed with gifts from Ivan the Terrible and Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, and was one of the 20 richest and most revered monasteries in Rus'. It is very difficult to describe the beauty of such places, what sensations you can experience while on this bright land. You need to see this with your own eyes. Don't waste your time and be sure to check it out here.

Eco-park “ZooGrad”

Well, you can complete your journey through Pushkin Hills in unusual place, which is slightly different from the fabulous Lukomorye, in private "ZooGrad". Here you can see about 80 species of animals and birds that roam freely around the area. You will not find any similarity between the eco-park and usual zoos and their inhabitants. Where else can you hand-feed a wolf, a bear, treat a moose with carrots, have plenty of fun with a family of pigs, feed peacocks and pheasants? Take the time to look into this earthly Eden to consolidate the positive impression of such a long and interesting trip through the Pskov region.

Although Pushkin was born in Moscow, his poetic homeland is traditionally considered to be the Pskov region - the family estate of the poet’s mother, where many famous works were created and with which much is connected in the poet’s biography. Now the surroundings of the village of Pushkinskiye Gory are a huge museum complex. It will take several days to explore all the local museums and monuments, as well as take a leisurely stroll in the beautiful surroundings, but if you don’t have that much time, try to get out here from Pskov for at least a day: you will be able to see the most interesting places of the Pushkin Nature Reserve.

How to get there without a car

When staying in Pskov, you can get to the Pushkin Mountains by bus from the bus station. You need buses in the direction of Pushkinskie Gory, Velikiye Luki, Novorzhev, Krasny Luch, Novosokolniki, Lokni. The journey takes 2.5 hours, so it’s better to leave early.

Pushkinskie Gory

The bus arrives at the bus station in Pushkinskiye Gory, and having arrived here, it is better to immediately go to Holy Dormition Svyatogorsk Monastery. In organized bus tours it is usually left for the finale of the trip, but since you have a long and rather tiring independent walk, at the end of her strength she may not remain for the visit to the monastery. So move along Novorzhevskaya Street to the left from the bus station, past the Mirror Pond and the Pushkin monument. Novorzhevskaya will turn into Pushkin Street, from which you will enter the territory of the monastery.

At the entrance to the monastery you can buy flowers to put on Pushkin’s grave. The grave itself is easy to find: go through the Anastasyevsky Gate and climb the steps of the stairs to the mountain, to the walls of the Holy Assumption Cathedral. The poet's grave is located near the wall of the temple.

Dress code

The Svyatogorsk Monastery is not a museum, but a functioning monastery, therefore, on its territory, minimum rules must be observed: men should remove their hats, women should cover their heads. Women may also want to wear a skirt (there are usually skirts available to wear over trousers when entering).

After a visit to the monastery or before it, you can have a snack if you left Pskov early. At the very beginning of Lenin Street (you will pass the turn on it on the way to the monastery and along it you will go to Mikhailovskoye), in house number 2, there is a restaurant “ Svyatogor" Tourists evaluate this establishment without much enthusiasm, but its advantage is that it opens quite early and those who arrive in the morning can have breakfast here. A little further down Lenin Street, at number 8, there is a restaurant “ Lukomorye”, which is mentioned in the “Reserve” by Sergei Dovlatov. It’s also quite possible to eat here; in terms of the level of service and quality of food, this is an average provincial cafe. Unfortunately, there are no colorful establishments with traditional Russian cuisine in the village.

Road to Mikhailovskoye

After visiting Pushkin’s grave, return along Novorzhevskaya to Lenin Street and turn onto it. You have to walk several kilometers to the museum-reserve " Mikhailovskoe" If walking is tiring for you, you can take a taxi from the bus station and drive up to the reserve. During the off-season, it makes sense to find out the taxi number in Pushkinskie Gory in advance and try to negotiate with the taxi driver, although this is not always possible. Regular bus It doesn’t even go from the bus station to the estates every day. Sometimes tourists with cars or local private owners who get in the way save the situation - you can negotiate with them to give you a ride to the estate. But even a car will not help to completely eliminate walking: the parking lots are quite far from the entrance to the museum territory and one way or another you will have to walk a lot.

There are two options for the route to Mikhailovskoye for a hiker. Lenina Street turns into the road to Petrovskoye, along the side of which you can drive until the turn to Mikhailovskoye. This path is a little shorter, but not the most scenic. A bus will take you along it if you are lucky enough to get on it.

The longer and more interesting option also coincides with the signs recommending getting to Mikhailovskoye via Bugrovo. In this case, you still need to turn left from Lenin Street in Pushkinskie Gory near the local Administration and move along the road to Trigorskoye until the intersection with a signpost, at which turn right - to Bugrovo. Here you will pass by the Museum of Wooden Architecture " Pushkin village"and a pond with ducks. Here, in Bugrovo, near the hotel " Arina R."there is a cafe" Basket"with a good menu (although the prices there are high by local standards).

Along the way: how to plan your trip route

Decide in advance what you definitely want to see in the Pushkinsky Reserve, besides Mikhailovsky itself. Classic bus route excursion groups: Mikhailovskoye and Trigorskoye with a visit to the settlements of Savkina Gorka and Voronich along the way. But you won’t be traveling by bus with a guide, so the journey will take much more effort and time.

If you are ready for a long walk between estates, do not waste time on the way to them, in Bugrovo. And vice versa: you can refuse to go to Trigorskoye, limiting yourself to Mikhailovsky.

If you have children with you, it makes sense to stay in the “Pushkin Village”, look at the exhibitions in wooden huts and in the ancient mill, feed the ducks in the pond.

For adults, “Pushkin Village” is not so interesting (at least, it’s enough to look at it from the outside), but you can visit house-museum of Sergei Dovlatov in the neighboring village of Berezino. Finding it is quite simple: you need to be on the approach to Bugrov, opposite the Arina R. hotel. turn right onto the dirt road and walk about 500 meters to Berezina. But it is better to contact the museum staff in advance by phone and arrange an excursion.

Mikhailovskoe

After passing between the museum village and the pond, you will follow a path deeper into the forest. The sign informs that it is 1.3 kilometers to Mikhailovskoye, but in reality there are three kilometers to the road, and even those who drove to Bugrov will have to walk further. But the road is quite interesting. Among the protected forest you will come across a monument to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and then - Chapel of St. Michael the Archangel on Poklonnaya Hill. The chapel is new, but built in memory of the temple in honor of Michael the Archangel that has long existed on the Pushkin estate. You are already almost on the territory of the estate park - a little further, behind the chapel, an ancient spruce alley begins, planted at the end of the 18th century by Joseph Abramovich Hannibal, Pushkin’s grandfather. Along this alley you will get to the estate, directly to the main house. You can go to the estate (by purchasing a ticket at the ticket office next to the house) to go on an excursion, or you can first walk around the park. From the spruce alley you can turn right onto Anna Kern Alley and walk to the pond with the Island of Solitude. Behind the ponds you will see a large clearing where Pushkin’s holidays are held, behind which is the Beryozka cafe. If you walk between the Flax Storage and the pond, poetically named “Under the Canopy of Thick Willows,” and then turn left again, towards the manor house, you will pass by the toilet.

From the house, be sure to go to the viewing platform over the Sorotya River and Lake Kuchane - it’s very beautiful here, and if you look closely (or take a camera with a good zoom), you can see buildings on the other side of the lake Petrovsky.

If you wish, you can continue your walk and go to Petrovskoye. But if you still have the strength to continue the journey, it is better to visit Trigorskoye, following the road that Pushkin loved to walk to visit his friends the Wulfs.

Best time to travel to Pushkin Mountains

It’s good to travel to Pushkin’s places in the summer and early autumn - museums are open almost seven days a week and close later, cafes are also open, and most importantly - in good weather It's good to take long walks around the area. But you shouldn’t go here in April and November: during these months, museums and parks are closed for sanitary maintenance. Current schedule It’s best to check on the museum-reserve’s website.

The way to Trigorskoye

To get into Trigorskoe, which is about 4 kilometers away, you need to move from the manor house in Mikhailovskoye to the left, past the Soroti River, the windmill and Lake Malenets. When you reach the lake, turn left and walk along the shore until the road splits. If you turn right at this fork, you will come to the fortification Savkina Gorka with a restored wooden chapel. And if you choose the left branch, you will be taken to old road to Trigorskoe, about which Pushkin wrote in the poem “Again I Visited...”:

“Where the road goes up the mountain,
Rugged by rain, three pines
They stand - one at a distance, the other two
Close to each other..."

On the maps of the reserve, where all suitable objects are given names from Pushkin’s poetry, this path is called “The Road Plowed by Rains,” which is not very suitable for it in dry weather. There are also three pines on the road, although these, of course, are no longer Pushkin pines.

The hiking trail will lead you to the parking area excursion buses, and then you will need to walk a little along the asphalt highway to the village of Voronich. Walk past the village and turn right onto another walking path that will lead you to Voronich settlement And Church of St. George. Near the temple there is an old cemetery, where representatives of the Osipov-Wulf family and people who invested a lot of effort in preserving the Pushkin reserve are buried - in particular, its famous custodian Semyon Geichenko.

Having passed the settlement, you will find yourself on the territory of Trigorskoye and find yourself near an estate that looks a lot like a long barn (after all, this is a one-story building of a former factory, where the family moved in seemingly temporarily, and settled forever). You can go on an excursion to the estate (as in Mikhailovsky, it is better to pay for a guided tour, because an independent inspection of the exhibition is not very impressive, because the main thing here is not memorial items and interiors, but stories about the owners of the estate and their relationship with their famous neighbor).

Then take a circle around the park: going to the right, you will reach Onegin’s bench, the bathhouse, which served as a guest outbuilding, and the “Green Hall” - a clearing where dances were held. From the bathhouse you can see a cascade of three ponds. From the “Green Hall” you can cross the bridge to the linden alley, from there turn onto the walking path and past the “Spruce Tent” (in Pushkin’s time there was indeed a spreading powerful tree growing here, now an “analogue” has been planted in its place) and go to the clearing with a sundial, the divisions of which used to be oak trees planted around the circumference. From here you can go to the “Secluded Oak” and get to Tatiana’s Linden Alley. And the path from the alley leads to a parking lot, where you can call a taxi or negotiate with one of the motorists to get back to the Pushkin Mountains.

By bicycle through Pushkin's places

For sports people, perhaps the ideal way to explore the Pushkin Nature Reserve is to ride a bicycle. Road trip will not allow you to appreciate the picturesque paths leading to estates through forests and meadows, and walking route quite tedious. True, many are scared off by the information that it is prohibited to ride bicycles on the territory of the estates, but in fact the ban applies to a small area near the estate houses - you can only walk along the famous alleys on foot, and you will be asked to leave the bicycle near the security houses. But on the road between Mikhailovsky and Trigorsky and other surrounding areas you can ride a bicycle calmly. You can rent bicycles at local tourist centers, for example, at the Arina R. Hotel. in Bugrovo, but the downside is that after a circle around the estates you will have to return to Bugrovo again.

Pushkinskiye Gory is both a village in the Pskov region and the name of an entire area 120 km from Pskov. Pushkin Mountains are closely connected with the life of A.S. Pushkin. Pushkinsky state reserve, which brings together places closely associated with the life and work of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, includes the villages of Mikhailovskoye, Trigorskoye, Petrovskoye, the Voronich settlement, Savkina Gorka, the Svyatogorsk monastery with the grave of A.S. Pushkin.

All three estates today have been turned into museums that are part of the State Memorial Historical, Literary and Natural Landscape Museum-Reserve of A.S. Pushkin.

The reserve is located almost in the very center of the Pskov region, 112 km south of the city of Pskov. Currently, the area of ​​the Pushkin Nature Reserve exceeds 700 hectares. The terrain is hilly. On the territory of the reserve there are two beautiful lakes - Kuchane (Petrovskoye) and Malenets, the picturesque Sorot River flows among the meadows, and more than half of the reserve’s area is occupied by a pine forest.

Mikhailovskoe

Mikhailovskoye is the most famous estate of A.S. Pushkin. Here he spent a lot of time both in his youth and in his mature years; here from 1824 to 1826 he was in Mikhailovsky exile.

This estate belonged to Pushkin’s family long before the poet’s birth. First, from 1742, Pushkin’s great-grandfather A.P. Hannibal, then grandfather O.A. Hannibal, even later N.O.’s mother. Hannibal. Mikhailovskoye became state property in the year of the 100th anniversary of Pushkin’s birth, in 1899. And in 1911, the first Pushkin museum opened here.

All the buildings that we see in Mikhailovsky today are restored, twice. Almost the entire estate burned down in 1918. It was rebuilt in 1937, but again destroyed during the Second World War. The second restoration began after the war.

On the territory of the museum there are:

House-Museum of A.S. Pushkin with restored interiors and some original items. Several rooms are open to the public, one of which is the poet’s office.

Nanny's house.

The kitchen is human.

Around it is Mikhailovsky Park. Two famous alleys of the park are Spruce, planted by O.A. Hannibal, and Anna Kern Alley, along which Pushkin walked with his beloved. The museum workers honor the memory of Pushkin and, little by little, try to reconstruct the poet’s day almost every day. So, on the desk in the office there is a stone that Anna Kern allegedly tripped over while walking in the park. Other exhibits of the museum have also become overgrown with legends.

Throughout his life A.S. Pushkin carried an ardent love for this beautiful corner of the Russian land. He came here in 1817 and 1819, and spent two years of exile here (1824-1826). Here, “closer to the sweet limit,” he bequeathed to bury his ashes. The two and a half years the poet lived in these places left an indelible mark on his life and work. He was surrounded by nature of unique beauty. At the Svyatogorsk fairs A.S. Pushkin communicated with people of different classes, listened to figurative folk speech. I really loved visiting the Voronich settlement and Savkina Hill, connected with the history of Rus'. In Mikhailovskoye, Trigorskoye, Pokrovskoye I observed village life and way of life of that time. Such a wealth of impressions contributed to the development creative genius poet. Here Pushkin wrote over a hundred works of art.

"Greetings, deserted corner,

A haven of peace, work and inspiration..."

The poet wrote about these places in 1819. Considering the enormous cultural and historical significance of Pushkin’s places, on March 17, 1922, the Soviet government declared them a nature reserve.

The ancient Hannibal house in which Pushkin lived has not been preserved, but has been restored as it was during the poet’s life; the main museum exhibition is concentrated here. The main southern entrance leads to the front hall, here the history of Mikhailovsky is shown, documents on his award to Hannibal are presented, a road map of that time, materials telling about the visits of young Pushkin here in 1817 and 1819 and about the days of exile of 1824-26. From the front door to the right the doors lead to Pushkin's office, to the left - to the nanny Arina Rodionovna's room, or "maiden's room". In this room, courtyard girls once worked at hoops; items of peasant and landowner life of that time are stored here. The three rooms on the north side of the house - a bedroom, a living room, or hall and a dining room - were usually occupied by the poet's parents who visited occasionally. Now in the hall there is still the same “damask wallpaper, portraits of grandfathers on the walls and stoves in colorful tiles,” there is antique furniture, a billiard table was recently installed, exactly the same as it was under Pushkin.

The poet's office was restored to its original form, according to the recollections of contemporaries. In the center of the office there is an antique desk, a reclining chair, a footstool donated by A.P. Kern, a bookshelf, a low bookcase on which Pushkin put books and manuscripts, a bed with a canopy, a white fireplace. On the wall is a portrait of Byron with the inscription on the back: “Presented by A.S. Pushkin to Annette Wulf 1828.” - the portrait is one of the main relics of the museum. In the office, among the poet’s personal belongings, there is the famous nine-pound iron cane, with which he loved to go to fairs next to the house-museum, to the left of it, a wooden outbuilding in the thickets of lilacs and acacias, known as the “nanny’s house.” One half of the house is a bathhouse, the other is the light room of Arina Rodionovna, the poet’s nanny. On the other side of the house there are three more wings: the kitchen and the people's room, the manager's house and the clerk's house. They have been restored exactly and repeat their former appearance.

Pushkin’s favorite place for walks, Mikhailovsky Park was laid out by the poet’s grandfather at the end of the 18th century. A wide spruce alley runs through the entire park, which previously served as the entrance to the estate. In the spruce alley there are few surviving two-hundred-year-old Hannibal trees; in place of the lost trees, the reserve staff planted new ones in 1947, which have already grown noticeably. At the end of the alley, the Hannibal-Pushkin family chapel has been restored. At an angle to the pine alley, behind a small pond, there is one of the most beautiful alleys of the park that have survived to this day - the linden alley, which is popularly called “Kern Alley”, in memory of the great masterpiece written by A.S. Pushkin after Anna Petrovna Kern’s visit to Mikhailovsky in June 1825. The park has ponds, one of which contains Pushkin’s favorite corner - “Island of Solitude”, old bridges and gazebos have been restored, old paths have been found and cleared.

Small beautiful lake Malenets, located on the western outskirts of the estate and surrounded on three sides by pine forest - also favorite place Pushkin. The nature of this corner has not changed to this day. Just as before, the wall of the forest is reflected in the calm surface of the lake, and flocks of wild ducks, not frightened by anyone, calmly swim near the shores.

Three times a year people gather here to celebrate memorable Pushkin dates: in February - the day of the poet’s death, in June - his birthday, in August - the day of his exile to Mikhailovskoye. Here, every year on February 10, at 2:40 pm, residents of the Pushkin Mountains and guests gather to honor the memory of the poet; on this day, poems by Pushkin and about Pushkin are heard here in all languages. Every first Sunday in July, Pushkin’s poetry festivals, which have gained worldwide fame, are held in the Pushkin Mountains and in Mikhailovsky.

“Having crossed the border of the reserve, we enter a special world, where every moment of your life and every step is filled with high meaning... And, as if the hands of centuries have turned, bygone time returns.” (Irakli Andronikov)

Pushkin was exiled to Mikhailovskoye for “atheism,” i.e. atheism. The abbot of the monastery, Abbot Jonah (born in 1759), provided spiritual supervision over him. The poet visited him every week, they developed a cordial relationship. Secret agent of the III department A.K. Boshnyak, collecting information about the exiled poet, wrote down the following: “I learned the following from Hegumen Jonah: Pushkin sometimes comes to visit Abbot Jonah, drinks liqueur with him and engages in conversations. He doesn’t go anywhere except the Svyatogorsk Monastery and Mrs. Osipova, but sometimes he goes to Pskov; He usually wears a frock coat, but at monastery fairs he sometimes appears in a Russian shirt and a straw hat. But my question is “Doesn’t Pushkin outrage the peasants?” Abbot Jonah answered: “He doesn’t interfere with anything and lives like a red girl.”

Abbot Jonah did not study at the seminary and only learned Russian grammar. According to contemporary descriptions, he was a simple, kind, somewhat reddish, short old man. Perhaps he became one of the prototypes of the chronicler Pimen in the tragedy “Boris Godunov”. The text also includes numerous sayings of the pious abbot, who possessed popular wisdom. In the drafts for Belkin’s Tales, Pushkin wrote down the following proverb from Abbot Jonah: “But it will happen that we won’t exist either.”

Petrovskoe

Petrovskoye is an estate that, like Mikhailovskoye, was granted by Empress Elizaveta Petrovna to the great-grandfather of the poet A.P. in the mid-18th century. To Hannibal. Later it passed to Pushkin’s great-uncle Pyotr Abramovich, and even later to his great-uncle Veniamin Petrovich. He was the last master of the Hannibal family. Since 1839, the estate belonged to other owners, and in 1936 it was included in the Pushkin Museum.

Like Mikhailovskoye, Petrovskoye is a restored estate. The houses that saw Pushkin burned down in 1918. In 1977, the house of Pyotr Abramovich Pushkin’s great-uncle was rebuilt, and in 2000, the house of Abram Hannibal’s great-grandfather was rebuilt.

Today the museum complex includes these two houses and a park with a grotto gazebo. The exhibition presents both authentic items from Pushkin’s time, most of which were found during excavations, and simply objects from that time. There are three trees in the park (two elms and a linden), which were also seen by Abram Hannibal.

Trigorskoe

Trigorskoye is the estate of the poet's friends Osipov-Wulf, with whom Pushkin communicated especially closely during the period of Mikhailovsky exile. Like other estates of the Pushkin Mountains, Trigorskoye was burned in 1918. Reconstruction began after the war. By 1962, the manor's house was restored, and by 1978, the bathhouse, which at one time served not only as a place for washing, but also as a garden house in which A.S. liked to relax. Pushkin.

Trigorskoe is located about 3 km. west of Mikhailovsky, on one of the 3 hills that gave the name to the estate. The path there lies past Lake Malenets, surrounded by forest. The Osipovs occupied a large wooden house on the shore of a pond. This house burned down in 1918 and was rebuilt in 1962. Now there is a museum here. The interior decoration of the rooms has been restored close to its original appearance. During his visits to Mikhailovskoye, Pushkin always visited his Trigorsk friends; there was a large library here, which especially attracted the attention of the poet. Now it has been recreated again; books published under Pushkin and in pre-Pushkin times are stored in it. Many of the poet's observations on the life and customs of the Trigorsk landowners and the life of serfs were reflected in the novel "Eugene Onegin." Trigorskoye, or rather Yegoryevskaya Bay, was granted in 1762 by Catherine II to the grandfather of Praskovya Aleksandrovna Osipova, who founded an estate here, built a house and laid out a park.

Trigorsky Park is a wonderful example of landscape gardening art of the second half of the 18th century. In terms of area it more park Mikhailovsky and planned taking into account the features of the terrain. To this day, many picturesque corners associated with Pushkin’s stay in Trigorskoye have been well preserved in the park. At the very edge of a steep cliff to the Soroti River, under the shade of centuries-old oaks and linden trees, there is a white garden bench. This place in the park is called “Onegin’s bench”. From here there is a magnificent view of the picturesque valleys of Soroti, the road to Mikhailovskoye, along which Pushkin passed, is clearly visible. Among Trigorsky's park surprises is a “green dance hall,” from where, through a humpbacked bridge, the road leads to the “spruce tent,” a century-old tree glorified by Pushkin. Unfortunately, this spruce died, but a new, specially selected one was planted in its place. From the old days, what remains in the park is a round area lined with oak trees - a “sundial”; you can tell the time on sunny days by the shadow of a pillar dug in the center of the area. On the hillside near the Soroti River, a bathhouse has been restored, and now a small museum has been created in it.

The exposition of the manor house presents memorial items and objects of that era.

There is a park around it, where there is “Onegin’s bench” and “Tatyana’s alley”. The fact is that Trigorskoye is considered the prototype of the Larins’ estate. It is believed that Pushkin “copied” the characters of the characters in his novel from his friends.

One of the most interesting places parka - a sundial, the “divisions” of which are oak trees planted in a circle.

Svyatogorsk Monastery

5 kilometers south of Mikhailovsky, on low hills surrounded by pine forest, is the village of Pushkinskie Gory. This village, formerly called the Holy Mountains, grew up around the Svyatogorsk Monastery, which was built by order of Ivan the Terrible in 1569 to protect the approaches to the city of Voronich. According to legend, it was placed on the spot where the icon of the Mother of God Hodegetria appeared to a local shepherd named Timothy.

By the end of the 17th century. The Svyatogorsk Monastery was rich and famous and was one of the first three dozen “oldest monasteries” in Rus'. By Pushkin's time, the monastery had lost its former glory and grandeur. The central part of the monastery - the Assumption Cathedral stands on high hill, to the top of which two stone stairs lead. The cathedral was built by Pskov craftsmen and is a typical monument of Pskov architecture of the 15th-16th centuries.

Pushkin loved to come to this monastery, talk with the monks and ordinary people who crowded at the regularly organized monastery fairs.

In the southern aisle of the Cathedral of the Svyatogorsk Monastery on the night of February 5-6 (Old Style) there was a coffin with Pushkin’s body. Back in April 1836, Pushkin brought his mother’s body from St. Petersburg to the Svyatogorsk Monastery for burial and immediately bought a place here for himself. In February 1837 Pushkin was buried here. In the spring of the same year, the coffin with Pushkin’s body was reburied in a deeper grave and a wooden cross with the inscription “Pushkin” was placed on it. In 1841 At the insistence of the poet’s wife, a monument was erected on the grave, with the following carved in gold letters on the gray granite base of the obelisk:

"Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Near the grave of A.S. Pushkin there is a family cemetery of the Hannibals-Pushkins.

On the territory of the Svyatogorsk Monastery, near the Assumption Cathedral, the poet’s grandfather and grandmother were buried - O.A. and M.A. Hannibals (1806, 1818), and younger brother Plato (1817-1819). In the spring of 1836, Pushkin’s mother, Nadezhda Osipovna, was buried here.

In 1924 the monastery was closed, then there was a branch of the Pushkin Museum. Since 1992 it has been an active monastery.

Other attractions

On the way from Mikhailovsky to the Svyatogorsky Monastery there is a mill restored in 1986, which is a museum. The same mill was here during the time of Pushkin. Across the river from it is the Pskov Village museum complex, showing how these places used to look.

A kilometer west of Mikhailovskoye, on the way to Trigorskoye, on the picturesque bank of Soroti, there is a place called Savkina Gorka, there is one of the most interesting historical monuments Pushkinsky Nature Reserve - Savkina Gorka. Savkina Hill received its name in 1513 when the legendary priest Savva erected a stone cross on its top in honor of the Russian soldiers who died on the battlefield. From Savkina Hill there is an amazing view of Mikhailovskoye and a wide valley, intricately indented by the bed of the Soroti River. From here you can see Petrovskoye and Grigorievskoye and all those “native borders” that are so closely connected with the life and work of Pushkin.

In the Middle Ages there was a fortification here, and in the time of Pushkin it was just a hill, as it is today. It is known that Pushkin wanted to buy this place from his neighbors and build a summer house here, but did not have time. On the hill there is a 16th-century cross on the site of a mass grave of soldiers and a wooden chapel, recently restored on the site of a similar chapel that had previously been here.

The main attractive center of the Pushkin Nature Reserve is Mikhailovskoye, the former family estate of the Hannibal-Pushkins. In 1742, Mikhailovskaya Bay, which was part of the palace lands, by decree of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, was granted to Abram Petrovich Hannibal - “the Arab of Peter the Great.” This is how Pushkin’s ancestors first set foot on this land. After the death of A.P. Hannibal, part of Mikhailovskaya Bay went to Pushkin’s grandfather Osip Abramovich Hannibal, who founded a small village here at the end of the 18th century. The estate with the manor house and services is located on a hill above the Sorotya River. On the southern side of the estate there is a park adjacent to a pine forest; from the hillside there is a magnificent view of the Sorot River and a wide valley with Lake Kuchane, behind which you can see Petrovsky Park.

On the way to Trigorskoye.

"Three Pines"

From the “sundial” the path leads to the legendary “solitary oak”, standing on a hill, which is more than 300 years old. The park is decorated with ponds, along the banks of which willows grow, and on the mirror surface of the water - white lilies. A remarkable monument to the early history of Pushkin’s places is Petrovskoye, located 4 km northeast of Mikhailovskoye, on the shore of Lake Kuchane. Pushkin showed particular interest in Petrovsky while working on such works as “The Blackamoor of Peter the Great” and “My Genealogy.” This interest is not accidental. Petrovskoye, part of Mikhailovskaya Bay, went to P.A. Hannibal (one of the nine children of the famous Blackamoor) from his father in 1781. He built a house here and laid out a park. This is the most old park in the reserve and differs from the Mikhailovsky and Trigorsky parks in a more strict layout. In the alleys of the park, trees dating back more than 200 years have been preserved. The alley of dwarf linden trees that runs from the manor house to the lake is especially beautiful. According to the memoirs of contemporaries, Pushkin’s great-uncle was a man of rather tough character. In the story "Dubrovsky" Pushkin reflected many features of the life and morals of the inhabitants of Petrovsky. Currently, the Hannibal house has been restored; it houses a museum exposition telling about the ancestors of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin - the Hannibals.

On the territory of the Pushkin Nature Reserve there is the Voronich settlement - a monument to the heroic past of the Russian people. The Voronich settlement is located on the left bank of the Soroti River, almost next to Trigorskoye. This earthen mound, in ancient times fortified with walls and towers, was a strong fortress and the center of a large city for those times. Voronich was founded at the beginning of the 14th century and was mentioned for the first time in Russian chronicles in 1349. The foundations of two churches and stone crosses from the 15th-16th centuries have been preserved at the top of the settlement to this day. Here is the ancient cemetery of Pushkin’s Trigorsk friends - the Osipovs-Wulfs. Near the settlement, on the outskirts of the village of Voronich, there is an ancient churchyard, on old cemetery whose cousin V.P. Pushkin is buried Hannibal.

Svyatogorsk Museum-Monastery.

The village of Pushkinskie Gory belongs to the Pskov region. It is located approximately 110 km from Pskov. Included in the List of Historical Cities of the Russian Federation. Pushkinskiye Gory was founded in the 16th century as the Tobolenets settlement at the Svyatogorsk monastery. In the 19th century, this settlement was a modest volost center with its own government, a small hospital, a fire brigade, a reading room and an almshouse. The volost administration was located on Mount Volostnaya (currently Mount Sunset). The fire station was located in the center of the village, opposite it there was a hospital. Below there was a tavern and shops, not far from the monastery there were houses of priests and merchants. In addition to the Svyatogorsk Monastery, there were 3 churches and 2 chapels in the settlement.

In the 1830s A.I. Raevsky opened the first free school here, where 30 children studied. In the 1840s, a school founded by the Ministry of State Property appeared in the settlement, and in 1884 - a school at the monastery, where 40 boys studied. At the beginning of the 20th century, 20 primary schools and 1 five-grade school appeared in the village. In 1877, a post office appeared in Tobolenets, and in 1910, telephone communications. 2 years later, the first telephone exchange was installed here. Electricity appeared in the Soviet years.

In 1925, the village of Tobolenets was renamed the village of Pushkinskie Gory. Since 1960, Pushkinskiye Gory became an urban-type settlement.

Once upon a time, the Pushkin Mountains were called the Holy Mountains. This name is associated with the Svyatogorsk Monastery located here. It was founded in 1569, by order of Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible, by the Pskov governor, Prince Yuri Tokmakov. The monastery was located on Sinichya Mountain, its construction involved strengthening the approaches to the city of Voronich, which was one of the strongholds on the western border of the Pskov region. For a long time, the Svyatogorsk monastery was one of the most revered in Rus'. Among the many gifts of the royals and nobles kept in the monastery, there was a bell granted by Ivan the Terrible, weighing 15 pounds and having a popular name - Goryun, and the Gospel - a gift from Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich. Nowadays, you can see fragments of the bell, which was ordered by Abbot Innocent and manufactured in Moscow, at the Tyulenev factory, in 1753.

In the Pushkin Mountains there is an ancient church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, built in 1765.

The Pushkinogorsky district is inextricably linked with the name of the great Russian poet - Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. It is here that the famous Pushkin museum-reserve “Mikhailovskoye” is located, including the villages of Mikhailovskoye, Petrovskoye, Trigorskoye, the settlements of Savkina Gorka, Voronich, Vrev and Velye, as well as the ancient Svyatogorsk monastery, in which the poet’s grave is located.

The village of Mikhailovskoye is the family estate of Pushkin’s mother, his poetic homeland, the place of the poet’s spiritual formation. For several years he lived and worked in this area.

The village of Petrovskoye is a family estate of the Hannibals - Pushkin's ancestors. In 1742, these lands were granted by Empress Elizaveta Petrovna to the poet’s great-grandfather, Abram Petrovich Hannibal.

In the village of Trigorskoye there is the house of the Osipov-Wulfs, who were close friends of Alexander Sergeevich. Trigorskoe turned into a second home for him during Mikhailovsky’s exile. Priceless Pushkin works were dedicated to the Trigorsk inhabitants.

Halfway between the village of Mikhailovskoye and the Svyatogorsk Monastery lies the village of Bugrovo. In Pushkin's time it was small, only 3 houses. Now the Water Mill and Pushkin Village museum is located here.

On the way from the village of Mikhailovskoye to Trigorskoye, about 1 km from the Mikhailovskoye museum-estate, on the steep bank of the Sorot River rises the settlement of Savkino or, as it was called in post-Pushkin times, Savkina Gorka. This is one of most picturesque places Pushkinsky Nature Reserve.

In addition to the settlement of Savkino, in the Pushkinogorsky region there are the ancient settlements of Velye, Vrev and Voronich.

Every year large events are held in Pushkinskiye Gory cultural holidays and events. Among them are the “Pushkin Poetry Festival”, the Day of Liberation of the Region from Nazi Invaders, the “All-Russian Folklore Festival” and others.

Pushkin Mountains are located 120 km southeast of Pskov in the very center of the Pskov region near the St. Petersburg-Kyiv highway. Once upon a time this place was called the Holy Mountains. The name is associated with the Svyatogorsk Monastery located here, founded in 1569 by the Pskov governor, Prince Yuri Tokmakov, by order of Tsar Ivan the Terrible with funds from the royal treasury. The monastery on Sinichya Mountain was supposed to strengthen the approaches to the city of Voronich - one of the strongholds on the western border of the Pskov land.

Ancient chroniclers connect the founding of the monastery with the legend of the appearance of the miraculous icon of the Mother of God to the local shepherd Timofey Terentyev.

At the site of the apparition, the Svyatogorsk Monastery was built, and nearby the Kazan Church and the Intercession Chapel. The church and chapel are located on this hill. The Intercession Chapel was built on the site of the forty-day prayer of St. Blessed Timothy. Every year on the ninth Friday after Easter, July 30**, and on the day of the Intercession of the Mother of God, a prayer service for water is held on Timothy Hill. In the chapel there is a tombstone from the grave of Maria Ivanovna Osipova, a resident of Trigorskoye. It is known that Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin visited the Kazan Church.

The Temple of the Kazan Mother of God in the Holy Mountains * (Pushkin Mountains) has existed for more than two hundred and forty years. This church has been active throughout its history and has never closed. The temple is located in the old part of the village, not far from the Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery. The temple is wooden, has a two-tier bell tower with a view of the surrounding area. At the top of the hill, next to the temple, is the Intercession Chapel. In 1569 There was an appearance of the miraculous icon of the Mother of God of Svyatogorsk to the blessed shepherd Timothy. (The story of the appearance of the icon...) The Svyatogorsk Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos appeared on Sinichya Mountain, now called Holy. Before this event, Saint Timothy prayed on a nearby hill, which was named Timofeeva.

Together with the monastery, the Tobolonets settlement arose. The lake located here also bears the same name. By the beginning of the 18th century, the settlement grew into the village of Holy Mountains, which were renamed Pushkinsky on May 25, 1925.

This region is inextricably linked with the name of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. By a resolution of the Small Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR dated March 17, 1922, these places were declared protected areas and taken under state protection. The villages of Mikhailovskoye, Trigorskoye, Petrovskoye are deeply and organically connected with the life and work of Pushkin. His ashes rest in the ancient Svyatogorsk Monastery.

The main part of the Pushkin Nature Reserve is the village of Mikhailovskoye; it was once part of the Mikhailovskaya Bay. By personal decree of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, these lands were granted eternal possession to Pushkin’s great-grandfather Abram Petrovich Hannibal. From that time on, Pushkin’s ancestors settled on the banks of Soroti. The poet called Mikhailovskoye “a haven of peace, work and inspiration.” He came here in 1817 and 1819 as a young man, full of hope; here, at the height of his fame, he “spent two unnoticed years as an exile” (1824-1826). The Mikhailovsky Park created by my grandfather has been preserved.

Next to Mikhailovsky is the Osipov-Wulf estate - Trigorskoye. A.S. Pushkin was sincerely attached to his Trigorsk friends and spent a lot of time in their hospitable home. The park, founded in the 18th century, has been preserved.

Petrovskoye is the family estate of the Hannibals. In Pushkin's time, Petrovsky was owned by Pyotr Abramovich Hannibal, the great-uncle of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. The poet often visited him. Here he found material for the creation of "Dubrovsky" and "Arap Peter the Great".

Pushkin was buried in the Svyatogorsk Monastery near the walls of the ancient Assumption Church. Four years after his death, a monument was erected on his grave, commissioned by the poet’s widow and made by the St. Petersburg master A.M. Permogorov.

Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery is one of the most revered not only in the Pskov region, but throughout Russia. It was founded in 1569. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin often visited here during his Mikhailovsky exile, worked in the monastery library, collecting material for the tragedy “Boris Godunov”. Here, near the walls of the Assumption Cathedral, is the poet’s grave.

Svyatogorsk Monastery. Assumption Cathedral

History of the Svyatogorsk Monastery

The founding of the monastery was preceded by miraculous apparitions of the icon of the Mother of God. In 1563, in the village of Lugovka, on the road to Trigorskoye, the icon of the Mother of God “Tenderness” appeared to the blessed youth Timothy; later a chapel was built on this site. Three years later, in 1566, the icon of the Mother of God “Hodegetria” appeared on Sinichya Mountain, marked by many miracles of healing. By decree of Ivan the Terrible, the Pskov governor Yuri Tokmakov built here in 1569 the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the throne of which was built above the stump of the pine tree where the miraculous icon appeared. Ivan the Terrible, to commemorate the opening of the monastery, sent a 15-pound bell, popularly nicknamed “Goryun” because it “sang pitifully.”

Until the reign of Empress Catherine the Great, the monastery was first-class, and then reduced to the level of 3-class. The monastery owned significant land and held fairs.

The first stone building of the Svyatogorsk Monastery is the Assumption Cathedral. It was built in traditional forms of Pskov architecture: made of limestone slabs, three-apse, single-dome, with a spanning belfry over the vestibule. Externally, the temple seemed squat. The thickness of the walls was 1.5-2 m. It rises on the top of Sinichya (Holy) Mountain. In 1575, a building was built at the foot of the hill wooden church in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. Until 1764, the wooden church of St. stood above the Holy Gate. Paraskeva Fridays. Both the rector's and fraternal cells and service buildings were made of wood.

In the 18th century the monastery buildings were rebuilt in stone. In 1770 and 1776, brick chapels were added to the Assumption Cathedral in honor of Our Lady Hodegetria (southern) and the Intercession of the Mother of God (northern). In 1764, at the expense of the landowner I. Lvov and the collegiate assessor M.I. Karamyshev, they began to erect a “stone quadrangular new-style bell tower.” Construction was completed by 1821. An “iron fighting clock with quarters” was installed on the third tier of the bell tower. Overall height The bell tower, with a high spire, an apple and a cross, was 37 m - the same length as Pushkin lived.

On the site of St. Nicholas Church, which burned down in 1784, a small stone, warm one was built. Pyatnitskaya Church was moved outside the monastery walls and was later used as a parish church. The monastery buildings were rebuilt in stone.

The monastery wall was originally wooden. In the 1790s it was replaced by a stone one, made of granite and cobblestones. At the same time, two staircases leading to the Holy Mountain and a fence around it were built. On the territory of the monastery, shopping malls were set up and fairs were held, which provided the monastery with additional income.

Pushkin's burial

Pushkin died on January 29 (February 10), 1837, a day after the duel with Dantes. Emperor Nicholas I ordered: “Bury further from both capitals.” On the night of February 3-4, the coffin with Pushkin’s body was taken out of St. Petersburg, which was accompanied by the poet’s friend A.I. Turgenev and uncle Nikita Kozlov. On February 5, the coffin was delivered to the Holy Mountains and placed in the southern aisle of the cathedral. On the morning of February 6, the rector of the monastery, Archimandrite Gennady, a hundred-year-old man, served a funeral service. And on the same day, the body of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was buried at the altar wall of the Assumption Cathedral, next to the graves of his relatives. A simple wooden cross was placed on his grave.

“He died. His song fell silent. The funeral ringing of the bell over his coffin echoed the sad news in the Russian land: Pushkin is gone! The bright spring will soon turn green and in the melting snow of the Pskov forests for the first time will reveal the cold, silent grave of the great Russian poet...” (N. Polevoy, famous journalist of the 19th century).

In the spring of 1837, by order of P.A. Osipova, the coffin with Pushkin’s body was placed in an underground brick crypt. In August 1841, the former manager of Mikhailovsky, M.N. Kalashnikov, erected a monument above the crypt, commissioned by the widow of N.N. Pushkina by the St. Petersburg “stone maker” master A. Permagorov from the best Italian marble.

Pushkin Mountains, Svyatogorsk Monastery. Grave of A.S. Pushkin

There are always a lot of flowers at Pushkin's grave. Local old ladies even make a little money from this: they sell bouquets to visiting tourists for 50 rubles. And in the Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Monastery they pray daily for the repose of the soul of the servant of God Alexander “and his relatives.”

Pushkin Mountains. Monument to A.S. Pushkin near the Svyatogorsk Monastery

Pushkin was born in Moscow, died in St. Petersburg, and was buried in the Pskov region, in the Svyatogorsk Monastery...

My friend at Junet LiveJournal sent me this addition to the article:

Here is an excerpt from the acts of the commission that investigated the atrocities of the fascists in the Pskov region: “The grave of A.S. Pushkin and the area around it was mined and preparations were made for the explosion of the entire cathedral hill, for which high-power aerial bombs were placed in a specially dug tunnel. The explosion was prevented by the rapid advance of Soviet troops."

The bell tower of the Assumption Cathedral was blown up, but the cathedral itself stood...

The grave of A. S. Pushkin in the Holy Dormition monastery Pushkin Mountains, Pskov region

Maria Alexandrovna Hartung, daughter of A.S. Pushkin


Children of A.S. Pushkin (from left to right) Grigory, Maria, Natalya and Alexander. Drawing by N. Friesengorf. 1841

Alexander Alexandrovich Pushkin, son of A. A. Pushkin

Maria Alexandrovna Hartung, daughter of A. S. Pushkin

Grigory Alexandrovich Pushkin, son of A. A. Pushkin

Natalya Aleksandrovna Merenberg is the daughter of A. S. Pushkin. From a portrait of the artist N. K. Makarov, 1849