In the territory Crimean peninsula. Satellite map Crimea shows that the republic borders the Kherson and Zaporozhye regions of Ukraine, Krasnodar region and is washed by the Azov and Black Seas. The republic does not include Sevastopol. The area of the region is 26,081 square meters. km.

The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is divided into 14 districts, 16 cities, 56 urban-type settlements and 950 villages. The largest cities of Crimea are Simferopol ( administrative center), Kerch, Evpatoria, Yalta and Feodosia. The republic's economy is based on industry, agriculture, viticulture and tourism. Many areas of Crimea are considered resort areas.

Symbol of the Republic of Crimea - " bird home" in Yalta

The Republic of Crimea occupies an ambiguous position. The majority of the population of the republic is represented by Russians (58.5%). It is interesting that there is no state or national language in Crimea, since representatives of a wide variety of nations live in the region.

Massandra Palace

Brief history of the Republic of Crimea

In 1921, the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed. In 1941-44 the region was subject to German occupation. In 1946, the Crimean region was created, which in 1954 became part of the Ukrainian SSR. In 1991, the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was restored, and in 1992, the Republic of Crimea was created. In 1994 it was transformed into the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Valley of Ghosts in the Dzhemerdzhi tract

Sights of Crimea

On a detailed satellite map of Crimea you can see the main resort towns regions such as Yalta, Alushta, Alupka, Evpatoria, Sudak, Koktebel and Feodosia. There are numerous natural attractions on the territory of the Republic of Crimea: dormant volcano Kara-Dag, Cape Kapchik and Tsarsky Beach in the village of New World, Cape Meganom, Zelenogorye (Arpat) region near Sudak, Valley of Ghosts on Demerdzhi, Grand Canyon Crimea, Dzhur-Dzhur waterfall and Kazantipsky reserve.

Village New World in Crimea

In Crimea, it is worth visiting the famous “Swallow’s Nest”, the Dulber Palace, the palace of Countess Panina in Yalta, the Massandra Palace in Massandra, the Gurzuf Park in the village. Gurzuf, Vorontsov Palace in Alupka, cave city Chufut-Kale and Genoese fortress. It is also worth visiting the city of Bakhchisarai and Little Jerusalem in Evpatoria.

Crimea is popular place recreation in the summer, a map of which thousands of people are looking for. The site administration has prepared all sorts of map options for your reference. To say that the Crimean peninsula is unique is to say nothing. Crimea is Europe in miniature, all types of landscapes are collected here - high mountain ranges and deep canyons, beautiful azure beaches and endless steppes, quiet sea shores, and noisy river waterfalls. Crimea is called the pearl of Europe and for good reason - it is a place of unique cultural and historical value, a true Mecca for all types of tourism. And the wonderful mild climate allows you to visit Crimea both in summer and in the cold season. It is impossible to get to know Crimea in one visit; you need to visit here again and again, each time discovering new places.

Detailed map of Crimea with villages and roads.

8980×6350 px - 1:50 000 - 14 mb

Having detailed map In Crimea, it is easy to find the desired settlement or recreation center; the diagram shows in detail the roads with terrain reliefs.

Map highways Crimea.

On car map The Crimean Peninsula is indicated by kilometers between the main directions of Crimea: Alushta, Bakhchisaray, Belogorsk, Dzhankoy, Evpatoria, Kerch, Krasnoperekopsk, Saki, Sevastopol, Simferopol, Sudak, Chernomorskoye, Feodosia Yalta. With the help of this data, the answer to the question will be easily given - how many kilometers are between the indicated cities?

Detailed tourist map Crimea

Are you planning a vacation trip around Crimea? Then this card is best suited for movement. There is an alphabetical list of all settlements with a search by map squares.

The uniqueness of the Crimean peninsula partly lies in its unique climate. Although the peninsula is not large, its climate zones are very diverse. Surprisingly, with an area of the peninsula of 27 thousand square kilometers, there are as many as three climatic macroregions. This is not counting the fact that there are up to 20 subregions here! The secret of this phenomenon is the combination of various relief formations, the fact that the peninsula is washed by two seas, the presence of bays, and also the fact that its borders are surrounded by high-altitude mountains. Basically, the climatic zones are divided into three main relief units of the peninsula - the steppe, mountain, and southern embankment zone.

A special feature of the region is the presence of areas where winter period especially warm. At the same time, it is phenomenal that if, for example, in Yalta and Melitopol in summer the temperature spread is only 1 degree, in winter the temperature difference can reach 11 degrees! This is precisely explained by the landscape; the Crimean mountains in this case protect Yalta from mainland winds. It is warmest, of course, on the southern coast of Crimea; here the mild weather is due to the proximity of the sea. The most severe in terms of cold are the Crimean Mountains, the peaks of which remain cold even in summer. The warmest place in Crimea is Miskhor. The average temperature in January here is +4.4 degrees, and the annual average is almost 14 degrees Celsius. Thus, Crimea remains an attractive holiday destination for tourists even in winter; people come here for the Christmas holidays or winter holidays. Map of Crimea regions:

You can also view maps of the peninsula's regions in detail:

Crimean mountains- silent giants keeping the secrets of history

The mountains divide the Crimean peninsula into two parts: the larger part is the steppe part, and the mountain part itself. The mountains stretch from the northeastern to the southwestern part of the peninsula, from Sevastopol to Feodosia, forming three parallel mountain ranges, which in turn are separated by beautiful green plains. The length of the mountains is almost 200 kilometers, the width is approximately 50 kilometers. The main ridge has the highest mountain height, it includes such giants as Roman-Kosh, with a height of more than one and a half kilometers, Chatyrdok, whose height is 1525 meters (which is only 20 meters less than the height of Mount Roman-Kosh), and Ai-Petri , whose height is 1231 meters. The southern slopes of the Main Ridge are steep, while the northern slopes are gentle.

Peaks Crimean mountains without forest, they form plateaus called “yayls”. From Turkic the word “yayl” is translated as “summer pasture”. Yayls combine the properties of mountains and plains; they are connected by narrow ridges with mountain passes. Since ancient times, routes from the Crimean steppe to the southern coast passed through these places.

Over the centuries, the Yailas were eroded by rainwater, the flows of which crisscrossed the mountains with numerous passages, forming beautiful caves, mines and wells.

Behind the Main Ridge is the Inner Ridge. She is significantly lower highest point the inner ridge is Mount Kubalich, its height is less than 750 meters. The inner ridge extends from the Mekenzi Mountains to Mount Agarmysh. The length of this ridge is 125 kilometers.

The third row of the Crimean mountains is called the Northern Ridge. This mountain range the lowest, its height reaches only 340 meters. This ridge is also called the foothills. The southern slopes of the northern ridge are steep, while the northern ones are gentle, gradually turning into plains. The Crimean mountains are a great place for mountain tourism, hiking, rock climbing. Well-established infrastructure allows you to organize a comprehensive, complete vacation that is good for your health.

Maps of Crimean cities over 10,000 population.

	Kerch




	Saki

Gvardeiskoye
Graceovsky

Crimean steppes- fertile fields and mud volcanoes. If mountains are located on only 20 percent of the territory of the peninsula, then the steppe occupies about 70 percent of the entire territory of Crimea. The Crimean steppe is the southern edge of the East European Plain. It is almost completely located at the same level, only slightly lowering in the north. On the Kerch Peninsula, the steppe is divided by the Parpach ridge, here the southwestern part is flat, and the northeastern part is hilly. This area contains the famous mud hills and coastal lake basins. There are unique mud volcanoes here (these volcanoes are not related to real volcanoes, because they spew cold mud instead of hot lava).

Plain part The Crimean steppe consists of southern chernozems, unusually fertile, so more than half of the territory is occupied by arable land, the rest is forest and pasture, and only less than 5% of the steppe is occupied by vineyards and garden plots.

The basis of green tourism- Crimean forests. It is naive to believe that Crimea is an arid, bare steppe. Almost 350 thousand hectares of the peninsula are occupied by forests. Mostly oak trees grow on the mountain slopes; here they make up about 65% of all trees (while pine trees make up less than 15%). On South Coast The legendary juniper and evergreen small-fruited strawberries grow. Here you can find pistachios, Pontian broom, cistus, pyracantha, bush jasmine, and many other plants that are difficult to find on the mainland of Ukraine.

Diversity of water resources of Crimea. There are more than one and a half thousand rivers and drainages on the Crimean peninsula. The total length of water flows is almost 6 thousand kilometers. At the same time, it should be noted that most of them are small streams that dry up in summer. It is surprising that there are only 257 rivers on the peninsula that are more than 5 kilometers long.

The main rivers of the peninsula are divided into the following groups:

Rivers of the northern slope of the Crimean mountains. Here is the famous Salgir, the longest Crimean river, its length is 232 kilometers. The remaining rivers of the northern slope are much shorter, for example, Wet Indol - only 27 kilometers, Churuksu - 33 kilometers.
Rivers of the northwestern slope. The Alma River is the longest here, its length is 84 kilometers. Other rivers (Chernaya, Belbek, Kacha, Western Bulganok) are a little shorter.
Rivers of the Southern Coast of Crimea. Mostly small ones here water flows, for example, the length of the Uchan-Su River is only 8.4 kilometers, Demerdzhi - 14, and Derekoyka - 12 kilometers.

An amazing fact: the rivers of the northwestern slopes are located almost parallel, and half of their path are mountain streams. The rivers of the northern slopes that flow across the plain flow into Sivash. On the South Coast, short rivers are entirely mountain streams; they all flow into the Black Sea. The Uchan-Su River is unique here; along its short path it forms four beautiful waterfalls.

The reason for the poor development of river waters on the peninsula is that the main source of rivers is rain. Rainwater feeds the rivers of Crimea by almost 50 percent, while The groundwater give rivers only 30 percent of their water potential. The rest is snow melting. Crimea's groundwater potential barely exceeds a billion cubic meters; for comparison, Ukraine supplies three times as much water to the peninsula annually. 20 reservoirs and more than a hundred ponds help control groundwater. The North Crimean Canal from Ukraine supplies 3.5 billion cubic meters of water to Crimea, this is the main water source for agriculture. If it were not for this water source, the arid Crimean steppe could not be fertile. (for comparison, in 1937 there were 35 thousand hectares of irrigated land, and in 1994 there were more than 10 times more - 400 thousand).

Of course, speaking about water resources, one cannot fail to mention estuary lakes, valuable healing sources of salt water. In total, there are more than 50 such lakes on the territory of Crimea, their total area exceeds 5 thousand square kilometers. Salts and medicinal muds are obtained here. The most famous such lake is Saki, but you can also visit Sasyk, Donuzlav, Bakal, Krasnoe or Lake Aktash.

Bottom line: In Crimea you can find absolutely everything on maps, and even more. Holidays for treatment purposes, winter and summer holidays, extreme tourism, hiking and cycling, wine tourism, rock climbing - here you can find a vacation for every taste and budget. The unique climate and atmosphere of these places will make you come here again and again.

On March 11, 2014, the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Sevastopol City Council unilaterally adopted a declaration of independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol. The declaration established that if at the upcoming referendum a decision is made to annex Crimea to the Russian Federation, Crimea will be declared a sovereign and independent republic and in this status will turn to Russia with a proposal to accept it into the Russian Federation. Russian Federation as a new entity.

At the all-Crimean referendum on the status of the republic that took place on March 16, 2014, the overwhelming majority of voters cast their votes for the annexation of Crimea to Russia, as evidenced by the official results of the referendum. The next day, March 17, 2014, the Republic of Crimea was unilaterally proclaimed on the territory of Crimea, including Sevastopol, a city with a special status. The republic received the temporary status of a sovereign state and turned to Russia with a request to accept it into the Russian Federation.

On March 18, 2014, an interstate agreement was signed on the admission of the independent Republic of Crimea to Russia and the formation of two new subjects of the Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol. The agreement provided for the presence transition period until January 1, 2015, during which the issues of integration of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol into the economic, legal, financial and credit systems of the Russian Federation, into the system of government bodies of Russia, issues of military service and the performance of military duties in the territories of the Republic must be resolved Crimea and the cities of Sevastopol.

On March 21, 2014, Russian President Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin signed a federal constitutional law on the entry of the Republic of Crimea into the Russian Federation and the formation of new federal subjects. The day before signing, on March 20, the law was adopted by the State Duma and approved on March 21 by the Federation Council. Together with the law, Vladimir Putin approved the ratification of the Treaty on the Admission of the Republic of Crimea to Russia. At the same time, the Crimean Federal District was created by a special decree, and Oleg Evgenievich Belaventsev was appointed plenipotentiary representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Crimean Federal District.

According to the decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin dated April 2, 2014, the Republic of Crimea was included in the Southern Military District. On April 11, 2014, the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol were included in the list of subjects of the Russian Federation in the Russian Constitution.

On the territory of the Republic of Crimea, after it became part of Russia, the Constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea on October 21, 1998 and came into force on January 11, 1999, continued to apply.

On April 11, 2014, an extraordinary meeting of the State Council of the Republic of Crimea was held, at which they approved the Constitution of the Republic of Crimea, consisting of 10 chapters and 95 articles, its main provisions are similar to the articles of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. According to the new Constitution, the Republic of Crimea is a legal, democratic state within the Russian Federation, an equal subject of the Russian Federation. The source of power in the republic is its people - part of the multinational people of Russia. In the Republic of Crimea, three state languages are established - Russian, Ukrainian, Crimean Tatar. The highest official is the head of the republic, elected for a term of 5 years by deputies of the State Council of Crimea. On October 9, 2014, Sergei Aksyonov was unanimously elected head of the Republic of Crimea by the State Council of Crimea.

Crimean studies.

Lesson 6

Topic: Administrative regions and cities of Crimea.

Lesson objectives: 1. Introduce students to the administrative regions and cities of Crimea.

2 Explain the purpose and principles of dividing Crimea into separate regions.

Lesson Objectives :1 Continue to develop the ability to work with a map and atlas.

2 Doing practical work 2.

Equipment : Wall map of Crimea, atlases, outline maps, workbooks.

Lesson content.

1 Activation cognitive activity students.

2 Studying new material.

3 Doing practical work.

4 Consolidation.

5 Homework assignment.

During the classes.

1.What is the area of the Crimean Peninsula?

2Do you know any districts or cities of Crimea?

3 Why do people need to divide the territory into separate districts?

Let's find the answers in our notebook:

Division is necessary in order to conveniently develop the economy and other areas of life, i.e. to manage the economy.

Now let's look at " Administrative map Crimea".

How is it different from physical card?

What new did you find on this map?

What is this card for?

So: using this map we get acquainted with the administrative structure of Crimea. -What is it like?

Administrative-territorial division of the Republic of Crimea

Administratively consists of 25 municipalities:

14 (with a predominantly rural population),

11 cities of republican subordination , within the boundaries of which municipalities were created with their subordinate settlements as 11 (with a predominantly urban population).

Number of administrative-territorial units compared to municipal units

administrative units
territorial division

quantity
units
ATD
and np

units of municipal
self-government

quantity
units
municipal
self-government

administrative districts

municipal areas

cities of republican subordination

urban districts

including: urban areas

city subordinate to the urban district

cities of regional subordination

urban settlements

rural settlements

250

rural settlements

947

Districts and urban districts[

Districts

Urban
districts

12 The task is to complete the task in notebook 1, 2, 3 pp. 10-11.

Doing practical work.-2

Topic: Identifying Features geographical location your district, settlement. Drawing on a contour map of the borders and capital of the Republic of Crimea, the surrounding seas and their bays.

Target : teach to find and mark the border on a contour map, extreme points, seas, bays.

Equipment : atlas, administrative and physical maps of Crimea.

Progress.

1 On the physical contour map of Crimea, find and label the following geographical features:

a) extreme points of the Crimean peninsula:

northern-Perekopsky ditch

southern – Cape Sarych;

western – Cape Kara-Burun;

eastern – Cape Lantern.

b) sea-Black and Azovskoe.

c) bays - Karkinitsky, Kalamitsky, Feodosia, Sivash, Kazantipsky.

D) straits - Kerch.

2 On the administrative contour map, mark and sign:

Border and capital of the Republic of Crimea;

Big cities Crimea (18)

Administrative regions of Crimea.

3 Highlight the territory of the Yalta region in red and sign the name of the locality where you live

Homework assignment.

1Learn the nomenclature of Crimea, i.e. coastline.

Task 2 4 page 11, 5 – page 13 complete in writing.

During the period from 1783 to 1917, transformations took place in the ATD of Crimea as part of the Tauride province of the Russian Empire. Since the end of 1920, after the final consolidation of Soviet power in Crimea, the closest to modern changes in the structure and composition of the Crimean ATD began.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War in June 1945, the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the Crimean Region. At that time, it consisted of 32 ATEs (26 districts and 6 cities of regional significance).

Since 1948, the process of consolidation of the administrative-territorial division of Crimea has been taking place. By December 1962, the Crimean region consisted of only 10 rural districts: Alushta, Bakhchisaray, Belogorsky, Dzhankoy, Evpatoriya, Krasnogvardeysky and Krasnoperekopsky, Leninsky, Nizhnegorsky and Chernomorsky (Figure 2). The city councils of regional subordination were Yalta and Feodosia, and also, since 1964, Alushta. In addition to them, the cities of Simferopol, Kerch, Evpatoria and Dzhankoy were subordinate to the regional council.

Figure 2. - Administrative-territorial division of the Crimean region, 1962

In 1963, the Evpatoria district was renamed Saki. In 1964, the Alushta district was liquidated, and Alushta became a city of regional subordination.

In 1965, rural areas were replaced by districts, Kirovsky, Razdolnensky and Simferopol districts. In 1966, Pervomaisky and Sovetsky districts were separated. In 1979, the city of Saki received the status of a city of regional subordination, and the Sudak district was formed.

In 1993, Armyansk received the status of a city of republican subordination. And in 1994, Crimea became an Autonomous Republic. From that moment on, the modern administrative-territorial division of Crimea was established.

As part of Ukraine, being an Autonomous Republic, Crimea had the following administrative-territorial division (Figure 3). The ARC consisted of 25 regions:

· 14 districts with a predominantly rural population and a center that is an urban-type settlement (which had the status of an urban settlement);
· 11 territories subordinate to city councils of cities of republican subordination with a predominantly urban population and a center in a city of republican significance.

The ARC included the following districts: Bakhchisaraysky, Belogorsky, Dzhankoysky, Kirovsky, Leninsky, Krasnogvardeysky, Krasnoperekopsky, Nizhnegorsky, Sovetsky, Saki, Pervomaisky, Razdolnensky, Simferopol, and Black Sea districts. And the following territories subordinate to city councils: Alushta, Armenian, Dzhankoy, Evpatoria, Kerch, Krasnoperekopsk, Saki, Simferopol, Sudak, Feodosia, Yalta city councils.

Figure 3. - Administrative-territorial division of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (2013)

In connection with the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation in 2014 as its full subject, the ATD has undergone some changes related to the already existing legislative framework Russia in this area.

According to the Law of the Republic of Crimea dated June 6, 2014 No. 18-ZRK “On the administrative-territorial structure of the Republic of Crimea”, Article 2, the administrative-territorial structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out on the following principles:

· taking into account the historically established settlement system in the Republic of Crimea and its development trends;
· independent determination, within its own jurisdiction, of the administrative-territorial structure of the Republic of Crimea;
· territorial integrity of the Republic of Crimea;
· optimization of the system of public administration and local self-government, balanced development of territories;
· taking into account the opinion of the population, the level of integration of territories, industrial, economic, social and cultural ties;
· creating conditions for protecting the interests of ethnic groups in densely populated areas.

According to Article 5, the following categories and types of settlements are established in the Republic of Crimea:

· Settled areas, depending on the population size, the degree of improvement and development of social, industrial, transport and other infrastructure, the nature of employment of the majority of the population, and historical features, are classified as urban or rural settlements.

Urban settlements include the following types of settlements:

Rural settlements include the following types of settlements:

· Urban-type settlement;
· village;
· village

Article 6 presents the types and list of administrative-territorial units:

1. The administrative-territorial units of the Republic of Crimea are cities of republican significance and districts.

A city of republican significance may consist of districts in the city.

2. The Republic of Crimea consists of the following administrative-territorial entities:
1) the city of republican significance of Simferopol with the territory subordinate to it;
2) the city of republican significance of Alushta with its subordinate territory;
3) the city of republican significance Armyansk with the territory subordinate to it;
4) the city of republican significance of Dzhankoy with the territory subordinate to it;
5) the city of republican significance of Evpatoria with the territory subordinate to it;
6) the city of republican significance of Kerch with the territory subordinate to it;
7) the city of republican significance of Krasnoperekopsk with the territory subordinate to it;
8) the city of republican significance Saki with the territory subordinate to it;
9) the city of republican significance of Sudak with its subordinate territory;
10) the city of republican significance of Feodosia with the territory subordinate to it;
11) the city of republican significance of Yalta with the territory subordinate to it;
12) Bakhchisaray district;
13) Belogorsky district;
14) Dzhankoy district;
15) Kirovsky district;
16) Krasnogvardeisky district;
17) Krasnoperekopsky district;
18) Leninsky district;
19) Nizhnegorsky district;
20) Pervomaisky district;
21) Razdolnensky district;
22) Saki district;
23) Simferopol district;
24) Sovetsky district;
25) Black Sea region.

That is, there have been some qualitative changes in the ATD. Adjacent territories of cities of republican significance with those located on them settlements became city districts (municipalities). Urban-type settlements, which previously had the status of urban settlements, were transformed into rural settlements, which in turn led to a reduction in the overall level of urbanization in the Republic of Crimea.