All about Bavaria: cities, National parks, castles that are worth including in your travel itinerary. Hotels, holidays and souvenirs, as well as Bavaria on the map.

A significant part of Germany is occupied by one of its most distinctive lands - Bavaria. On its territory, the area of ​​which is 70,552 sq. km, home to about 13 million people. The capital of Bavaria, with a population of about 1,200 million inhabitants, is one of the richest cities in Germany. Thanks to developed industry and tourism, the cost of sq. m. meters of real estate in Munich are one and a half times higher than in Berlin. Can you imagine the scale of the city?

But travelers are attracted by something else: the region is famous for its alpine landscapes, and it is in Bavaria that the country’s highest peak is located - Zugspitze(2,963 meters). In the valleys of the mountains there are lakes with clear water, and through Bavarian Forest National Park pass walking routes. Flow through the Bavarian lands largest rivers Germany - the Danube and Main, in the valleys of which small but fabulous beautiful cities and villages.

Is it worth reminding that a couple of tens of kilometers from Munich is the most famous castle of all times - Neuschwanstein? Hiking trail does not “overgrow” with it either in winter or in summer: travelers go to Fussen, ready to stand in long lines to get a glimpse of the creation of Ludwig of Bavaria, run through the halls and admire the carved royal bedroom.

Those who are lucky enough to be in Bavaria with their own (or rented) car are more attracted Germany's Romantic Road. This is understandable - there are tens of times more castles and fortresses on this route!

The most beautiful cities in Bavaria

#1. Munich is the capital of the region

Panorama of Munich - the capital of Bavaria

Unrivaled not only in terms of the cost of housing, but also in the beauty of the Old and New Towns. Everyone will be happy: both those who are not indifferent to the Middle Ages, and those who like modern architecture. As bonuses, the Old and New Pinakothek, the BMW Concern Museum and the most famous beer hall in the world -. Hundreds of thousands of people come to Munich for Oktoberfest, and if you are lucky enough to be at Munich's Marienplatz on Christmas Eve, you will visit the largest holiday fair in Germany.

To explore Munich, it is better to book a sightseeing tour. But if you prefer something more interesting, then you’re in luck: Tripster has a route from the already famous Irena and walks through pubs and places of Oktoberfest fame - with Kirill.

Which excursion is better? In the first case, the guide Irena is a super professional, and Kirill is a young and cheerful guy, and he also tries. The topic depends on preference, but, for example, men are often delighted with both routes.

#2. Regensburg

It is located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen, so the first thing that awaits you in the city is its picturesque embankments. In addition, from the map it is obvious that this is the northernmost bend of the Danube, and this fact gives some significance to the place. The second thing to see in this part of Bavaria is the Bavarian Forest National Park. Its territory begins immediately east of Regensburg. The place is beautiful, it’s not for nothing that the Bavarian dukes once chose it, having built residences on the banks of the Danube. Today the city is secretly given over to the power of the bishopric. Be that as it may, there is a lot to admire in Regensburg!

#3. Nuremberg

Nuremberg Castle (Nuremberg, Bavaria)

The most famous city in Bavaria after Munich. The fame of Nuremberg is controversial, especially if we remember the event that glorified it - the Nuremberg Trials of 1945-46. But few of our compatriots deny themselves the pleasure of wandering through its picturesque streets. And even though all these half-timbered facades are a “remake” by European standards, and the Nuremberg castle was rebuilt almost from scratch after the devastating Allied bombing, but it all still breathes history, and at least makes you think about something.

If you like to receive structured information, pay attention to the sightseeing tour. It lasts two hours, but the impression of the city forms a single picture. The history of Nuremberg is complex, and it is impossible to understand it in half a jump. Although the city is small, and in some cases you can do without a guide.

#4. Bamberg

Small, but interesting city Bavaria, since 1993 has held the title " Cultural heritage humanity." The ideal mode of transport for exploring Bamberg is a bicycle, since local residents They are considered the most athletic in all the land. Cars are not held in high esteem here, but walking is also fine due to the lack of bicycle transport. The main thing you need to know about the city is its clear division into three parts: episcopal, urban and gardening. The first one contains Cathedral, in the second - half-timbered blocks and canals, in the third - the famous fountain.

#5. Wurzburg

In the north of Bavaria is the capital of Lower Franconia - Würzburg. This is one of the largest Bavarian cities, located on both banks of the Main. The history of the city is rich and dates back to the 8th-9th centuries, when Wurzburg was the residence of dukes and bishops. Today its significance has faded somewhat; tourists can only enjoy the baroque architecture, lush fountains and the embankment - the views from it are magical! Also, of course, the Marienberg fortress and the Würzburg Baroque residence.

#6. Rothenburg ob der Tauber

Rothenburg ob der Tauber (Bavaria, Germany)

Rothenburg is a city on the Tauber River in Bavaria. Narrow streets, roads paved with paving stones, fortress walls, houses with tiled roofs, forged lanterns over heavy doors - everything is imbued with the spirit of the Middle Ages. But Rothenburg is famous not only for its “facade”. The highlight is that the Christmas market here has acquired year-round status. At any time you can find yourself at a bazaar where they sell Christmas tree decorations, holiday sweets and other things dear to your heart. For those for whom even these pleasures are not enough, you can look into the Museum of the Nativity.

In this city, guide Svetlana (from Nuremberg) conducts a sightseeing tour. Some regular readers of the site are already familiar with it from the “Christmas markets”. You can arrange a meeting in Rothenburg itself and come from Munich or Würzburg.

#7. Harburg

Fortress in Harburg (Bavaria, Germany)

In Harburg there is one of the most impressive and formidable views (that’s what the Harburg fortress is called). The Jewish cemetery is also a worthwhile attraction. Otherwise, the place is not very remarkable: there is a traditional Old city, There is good restaurants, there are a couple of inexpensive hotels, which is important in such a highly advertised region as Bavaria. But nothing more. Also, perhaps, Harburg is so conveniently located between Rothenburg ob der Tauber and Augsburg, which is next on the way, that it would be strange to bypass it.

#8. Augsburg

Augsburg is a city, although not large, but very modern, where many young people live. Can offer tourists a well-developed transport network and a compact city center. The first thing you will notice in Augsburg is the Renaissance-style Town Hall building from 1620. Look for the 9th century Tower - one of the symbols of the city and the Cathedral, everything is nearby, you won’t even need a guide. You can visit the puppet theater at Spitalgasse 15.

#9. Lindau

Lindau is not an easy city; it is located on the shores of Lake Constance, a favorite German resort. As one can easily assume, the lion's share of its architectural stock consists of hotels: with lake views, with all kinds of spa services, saunas and treatments. I expectedly included it at the end of the route, because after a trip full of excursions, the Middle Ages and stories about the Second World War, there should be time to relax and enjoy nature. It’s not for nothing that the Germans book hotels on Lake Constance a year in advance!

#10. Passau

Passau is a city on the border with the Czech Republic and Austria

This Bavarian town is rarely included in lists. To be honest, it is easier to get to from the Czech Republic or Austria, it borders so closely with neighboring countries. But if you find yourself in Bavaria, include it in your program, you won’t regret it. Passau is located on an island, surrounded by three rivers, and is considered one of the most beautiful German cities built in the Baroque style. For lovers panoramic photos It’s a Klondike here - no matter the angle, it’s a masterpiece. Or a reason to get as many likes on Instagram as possible.

Cities of Bavaria on the map

The total length of the route is about 1,100 km, if you include visits to the cities of Passau and Lindau, which are located away from the main ring. If we exclude them from the list, then famous cities You can travel around Bavaria (Regensburg, Nuremberg, Bamberg, Würzburg, Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Harberg and Augsburg) in 8 hours (the distance is about 700 km).

True, few people would think of making such a forced march. It’s much better to make 3-4 stops, with an overnight stay in one of the selected cities, and your trip around Bavaria will turn into a real pleasure.

Bavaria hotels: where to stay

In order not to try to embrace the immensity, it is better to book two or three hotels along the route. To get the best impression of Bavaria, I suggest making your first stop in Nuremberg, and then in Wurzburg and/or Rothenburg ob der Tauber. Romance and educational excursions will be provided.

Mandatory requirements: availability free parking, Internet, good mattresses/beds and hearty breakfasts. A day full of plans lies ahead!

#1. Hotel Am Jakobsmarkt, Nuremberg

Convenient hotel with parking in the center of the Old Town. Surrounded by 15th century houses, shops and restaurants. There is even the Weißser Turm metro station nearby and the train station is 10 minutes away if you are on your own. The rooms are simple, elegant, bright, with everything you need. Service, staff and breakfast are typical for a German hotel.

#2. Steichele Hotel & Weinrestaurant, Nuremberg

Hotel + restaurant Steichele in the center of Nuremberg

Another hotel in the Old Town of Nuremberg, where all attractions are within walking distance. The hotel has a 3-star category, which by German standards means a lot - a varied buffet, high-quality mattresses, and snow-white linen. In addition, there is parking, and the price is reasonable.

#3. Central Hotel Garni, Wurzburg

Garni is a favorite hotel chain in Austria/Germany, so when I come across a hotel in the city center, and even with parking, I can’t pass it up. One of the specific advantages in Wurzburg is the presence of a picturesque courtyard for breakfast. Otherwise, traditionally German quality and level of service.

#4. Mercure Hotel Würzburg, Wurzburg

Double room at Mercure Hotel Würzburg

The hotel is convenient for those traveling by car. Located a few minutes from the Main embankment and the Old Town. The rooms are stunningly designed, modern and spacious. The beds are such that in just one night you have time to rest from a busy day. The rooms have coffee/tea makers, and the breakfast is decent.

#5. Historik Hotel Gotisches Haus, Rothenburg

Amazing a beautiful hotel in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, next to the Town Hall and the main fountain. The rooms are decorated in a medieval style, all made of wood and natural materials. Despite the “patina of antiquity”, the building has parking and wi-fi works well; The food is delicious and generous in German style.

What to see in Bavaria

What should those who have neither the time nor the opportunity (at least a car) to travel around a dozen cities do? First of all, remember the top 5 attractions, after seeing which you can safely tell your friends that you know Bavaria from A to Z. And not be too disingenuous about it.

The most vibrant village in all of Bavaria is Oberammergau (close to Munich and Garmisch-Partenkirchen)

  • Bavarian forest. National park with stunning views! There is a place where visitors can climb wooden bridge to touch the tops of pines, spruces and beeches. The park has 25 tourist points with detailed information about the flora and fauna. Also in the Bavarian Forest you can admire abandoned pastures, mountain streams, try yourself in rock climbing and stay in one of the cozy hotels.
  • Neuschwanstein. The castle on the rock is called the pearl of Bavaria and all of Germany. Everyone knows that it became the prototype for the Disney logo. The castle looks really magical, just like in the picture. Its towers are surrounded by forests, and hills can be seen in the distant background. The interior and interior decorations do not disappoint: the paintings on the walls, paintings and luxurious furniture amaze with their richness. - a typical example of neo-Gothic style, made of stone and Austrian marble. It is not surprising that after his visit, Tchaikovsky wrote his “Swan Lake” with inspiration.
  • Oberammergau. Hidden under the difficult-to-pronounce name “Oberammergau” is fabulous place- another decoration for Disney cartoons. Tourists are greeted by houses with painted facades, frescoes and intricate ornaments. This is not just a village, it is a real fairy tale and an open-air gallery of architectural wonders!
  • Lake Constance. It is fed by the waters of the mighty and deep Rhine. On its shore they settled health resorts, colorful villages and cozy recreation areas; There are luxury hotels everywhere with incredible views. There are 11 islands in the heart of the lake, the most popular of which is Reichenau. There is a developed sports and wellness holiday, cycling is popular - convenient routes have been developed for lovers of this type of transport. Lake Constance belongs not only to Germany, but to two other countries. Therefore, having a Schengen visa, you can also visit Switzerland by water.
  • Bavarian Alps. Dangerous peaks, lakes with icy water and valleys filled with flowers are the main things to see in Bavaria. You don’t have to be a skier or snowboarder to relax in the Alps - people come here to contemplate and enjoy. There is entertainment for everyone: overnight stays in a house by the lake, walks along mountain trails, acquaintance with architecture. Zugspitze is the most high peak Germany, the only place in a country where all year round You can ski and board.

Excursions in Munich and the surrounding area

Getting to know Bavaria, one way or another, begins with Munich. Sometimes it’s enough to walk around the city, go to Berchtesgaden, see Bavarian castles and “ Eagle Nest"to have an idea. There are more than 25 (!) walks around Munich on Tripster - there is plenty to choose from. By the way, guides answer questions even before payment 😉

Shopping and national souvenirs

It is customary to bring beer mugs for friends and relatives from Bavaria. Let them decide for themselves what they will do with them - but this is a tradition, and every traveler is obliged to respect it. They are made from ceramics, porcelain, silver, wood, glass, and tin. The most expensive are collectible mugs, each of which depicts one of the cities of Bavaria or an ancient castle.

I just want to take the beer and mug from Hofbräuhaus with me!

The usual volume is 0.5 liters, or even better 1 liter, as in.

Another popular souvenir from Bavaria is a doll in a national costume. They can also be soldiers, drummers, nutcrackers and angels. There are two types of such things: Chinese and handmade. Only the latter are valuable, but it is easy to be deceived and pay the price of an exclusive product for a Chinese counterfeit. Although there is much more trust in the Germans in this matter than, for example, in the Venetians with their carnival masks with the Chinese “stamp”.

But the best option is to take something edible with you as a souvenir, from traditional Bavarian snacks. For example, white Bavarian sausages, chocolate and sweet mustard. You can pack a good beer if you can deliver it safely. Friends will definitely appreciate it!

Bavarian music and entertainment (including national costumes):


It's time to plan a trip to Bavaria. The season is just around the corner!

Bavaria occupies an area of ​​70,550.87 square meters. km. The capital of the region is Munich. With a population of 12,044,000 people, the population density in Bavaria is 171 people per 1 sq. kilometer.

Important cities in Bavaria: Munich, Augsburg, Würzburg, Nuremberg, Regensburg, Ingolstadt, Erlangen Important rivers and canals: Main, Donau, Lech, Isar, Inn.

Geographical position

Bavaria takes up all southeastern part of Germany. It is bordered in the west by Baden-Württemberg, in the northwest by Hesse, in the north by Thuringia and a small part of Saxony, in the east by the Czech Republic and in the south by Austria.

In the east, Bavaria includes part of the Frankenwald forest, the Fichtelgebirge mountains, and parts of the Oberpfalzer and Buemerwald forests. In the south, Bavaria includes the Alps, in the west the Swabian state of Stufenland and in the north the Spessart and Rhön.

In Bavaria there are three parts of the great German landscape: the German part of the northern Kalkalpen and the foothills of the Alps with its attractive lakes, the "Schottische Ebene" with a land of lovely hills stretching to the river. Donau and the German middle mountains with varied landscapes.

Total information

Bavaria is the largest federal state in Germany by area. After North Rhine-Westphalia, the largest part (14.6%) of the German population lives here.

The Bavarian population originally comes from three national groups: Franks, Swabs and Bavarians. 70% of Bavarians are Catholics.

Bavaria is divided into three large language groups, the Bavarian dialect spoken by the inhabitants of Upper and Lower Bavaria and the Upper Palatinate. The district of Swabia belongs to the Swabian-Alemantic language group and Upper, Lower and Middle Franconia is an East Frankish dialect.

There are more than 60 different dialects in Bavaria, but the official language is of course German.

Agriculture is carried out mainly in the north of the Alpine foothills.

The most important industrial facilities are located, as in other regions of Germany, in major cities Bavaria, such as Munich, Erlangen, Nuernberg, Augsburg and Aschafensburg. Industry in these regions: mechanical engineering, electrical and paper industries.

The so-called chemical triangle is located near the rivers Inn, Als and Salzach. The oil refining center is located in the city of Ingolstadt.

Bavaria's third source of income is tourism. Bavaria is considered a land of relaxation. Tours and excursions to Bavaria, due to the one and only beauty of its landscapes and well-developed infrastructure, as well as the alpine hills and the Bavarian Alps themselves, have been and remain a favorite pastime for tourists at any time of the year.

Story

The history of Bavaria began in the 6th century AD. from the Agilofinger people (Stamm der Agilofinger) from which the first Bavarian Duchy emerged. In 788, after the overthrow of Tassilos III by Charlemagne, it became a Frankish province.

Under the rule of Otto II (955-983), Bavaria lost Friaul, Kerten, die Ostmark and Nordgau = Oberpfalz.

In the years from 1070 to 1180, Bavaria was under the Welfisch and then until 1918 under the Wittelsbach government. In 1156 Ostmark and Steiermark were divided; in 1214 the Palatinate on the Rhine (Pfalz am Rhein) joined. From 1329 to 1777, this land was divided into Palatinate/Oberpfalz and old Bavaria (Pfalz/Oberpfalz und Altbayern).

In 1817, Bavaria became part of the German state. In the years from 1918 to 1933, Bavaria experienced difficult times of dictatorial government; after the murder of K. Eisners, the revolution under the government of G. von Kahr and later the Hitler putsch.

At the end of World War II, Bavaria was occupied by American troops.

The Palatinate was separated and Bavaria was formed.

Main cities of Bavaria

Munich

Munich is the capital of the state of Bavaria, the third largest and second most visited city in Germany after Berlin by tourists. It is also a major financial, industrial and cultural center. And in the field of communications and advertising, Munich is generally considered the second city in the world after New York. This is one of the most cozy and hospitable cities in Germany. The city has a cosmopolitan character, as a quarter of its population is of foreign origin.

Munich has many faces. Munich is a metropolis and “ big village", where they will greet you on the street. Munich is a large open-air museum of architecture of all European styles, from Gothic to Art Nouveau.

Munich is a world famous beer, fried sausages, pretzels made from white dough with salt and the world's largest holiday, Oktoberfest - this famous event is attended by millions of people from all over the world every year, during which beer simply flows like a river. By the way, it is estimated that, on average, about five million liters of beer are consumed during the entire celebration period.

Munich is home to chic boutiques and a huge number of European and especially German celebrities. Munich is the industrial capital of Germany. Munich is a city of cinema. Munich is a treasury of world painting at the Pinakothek.

In that central city Bavaria is full of monuments, great museums and art galleries. The city of Munich lies at the foot of the Bavarian Alps, so athletes from all over the world come here in winter to practice skiing.

In addition, Munich's proximity to Austria, Italy, and Switzerland also makes it a very convenient departure point to explore Central Europe.

Nuremberg

Nuremberg is a center of attraction for business people and tourists from all over the world.

Nuremberg, capital of Middle Franconia and second largest city in Bavaria, 500,000 inhabitants, international Airport, a state-of-the-art exhibition complex that hosts, among others, the world-famous Nuremberg Toy Fair and other leading international exhibitions, the world famous Nuremberg Christmas market.

950 years of history, a wonderful medieval old town, famous for its many attractions (such as Kaiserburg Castle, German National Museum, Toy Museum, Durer House, New Museum...).

A wide selection of hotels of all categories, a huge number of restaurants serving local and international cuisine, as well as inexpensive shops in the city center.

Due to its favorable location it is ideal Starting point for day trips to Bamberg, Würzburg, Rothenburg, Coburg, Bayreuth, Munich, etc. Located on the banks of the Main-Danube Canal, it is of interest as one of the points of river cruise routes.

One of the largest clinics in Europe is also located here, where patients flock from all over the world. Treatment in Bavaria is considered one of the best.

Palaces and castles of Bavaria

Few people know that at the bottom of the Bavarian Lake Starnbergersee lies the ring of Marina Tsvetaeva’s mother, Maria Main. She threw it into the water, ending up in the place where on July 13, 1886, the body of the drowned (according to one version, drowned) Bavarian “fairy-tale” king Ludwig II was found.

“Louis of Bavaria,” her second daughter Anastasia writes in her Memoirs, “is the passionate love of my 16-year-old mother. Passing the place where he drowned, she threw her first ring into the water - she got engaged.” In memory of the king, there is a cross protruding from the water here. Pleasure boats always stop here.

Ludwig II, the last romantic of the era of gentlemen and beautiful ladies, Don Quixote of the 19th century, who lost love and surrendered to an all-consuming passion - the construction of medieval castles in the Bavarian Alps.

The castles of Bavaria, built by Ludwig II, are fabulously beautiful, and therefore he himself is called the “fairy-tale king”, and his castles are “fairy-tale”.

And this king was madly in love with Wagner’s music and helped the composer a lot.

In total, Ludwig planned to build seven castles. Three were erected - Neuschwanstein, Linderhof and Herrenchiemsee. They cost Ludwig and the Bavarian kingdom more than 30 million marks. Falkenstein, as well as Gothic, Byzantine and Chinese castles, remained in the plans.

Ludwig II's castles also sometimes include his hunting house, Schachen, in the mountains near Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

Swan Castle Neuschwanstein

Neuschwanstein Castle (New Swan Rock) stands at an altitude of 1008 m south of Lake Forggensee, about 30 km from Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Nearby are the Alpsee (Alpine) and Schwansee (Swan) lakes. The same Swan Lake that inspired P.I. Tchaikovsky to the famous ballet.

This castle is business card Bavaria. Graceful, slender, looking upward, he is swan-like in beauty. White stone buildings with slits for patterned windows are crowned with graceful pointed round turrets with loopholes and arched balconies.

The architecture of the castle organically combines Byzantine pomp, Romanesque brutality and late Gothic sublimity.

Neuschwanstein fits perfectly into the surrounding alpine landscape. From a distance it looks like a theater set. This is the most beautiful and most fabulous of Ludwig's castles.

Inside the castle - on the walls and tapestries, in the design of furniture, in the interior of stairs and passages, on the ceilings - there are many swans... Painted, stone, wooden, metal... Wall paintings in many rooms are based on Wagner's operas "Tristan and Isolde", "Siegfried", "Parsifal". The Main Hall and the Office are decorated based on the opera "Tannhäuser".

Ludwig settled here shortly before his death and lived in the unfinished castle for about six months. Here his overthrow was announced. From here he was taken to Berg Castle on Lake Starnbergersee.

Excursions in Bavaria are always incredibly exciting, but this route is something special. Tourists are transported to the castle along an asphalt serpentine road by horse-drawn teams, but you can also climb on foot. Higher in the mountains at a height of 92 meters, a suspension bridge. Below it is a 45-meter waterfall. Not all tourists go up there. And in vain. From here the most open best view on wonderful mountain world around the castle.

Royal Manor Linderhof

This is the only one of Ludwig’s “fairytale” palaces, the construction of which was completed during the king’s lifetime. The architectural design of the castle combines the lush grandeur of the Baroque with the intimate sophistication of the Rococo. The abundance of mirrors framed in gold is striking, expanding the size of the rooms.

The interiors of the palace were painted by the best artists of Europe. The walls are decorated with picturesque tapestries and paintings. The many vases, marble fireplaces, figurines, porcelain flowers, life-size porcelain peacocks, ivory chandeliers, a crystal chandelier in the bedroom with 108 candles (they say they were never lit at the same time) are stunning.

There is a special table in the Dining Hall. It automatically rises through a special hatch from the kitchen located below, and drops there automatically. The king was unsociable and preferred to eat food alone.

In front of the entrance to the palace there is a thirty-meter stream of a fountain.

The park surrounding the castle is decorated in French, Italian, English, and Arabic styles.

Hunding's Hut is reminiscent of the set for Wagner's opera Die Walküre.

The lighting system used in the Grotto of Venus is considered one of the prototypes of modern color music. Light effects were created using rotating glass plates, which were driven by one of the first Siemens electrical generators in Europe.

Herrenchiemsee Palace

The most an expensive lock Of all Ludwig's projects, Bavaria became the Herrenkiemsee palace on the island of Herrenwerth (today Herreninsel - “Men's Island”) on Lake Chiemsee in the beautiful Alpine foothills 80 km from Munich. It cost 16 million marks and was never completely finished. Seven years after construction began, work was stopped due to lack of funds. And how long did the builder king spend there? Ten days.

Herrenchiemsee is beautiful palace and park complex, symmetrical and superbly organized. In front of the main entrance of the palace there are jets of five fountains. The facade of the building is an exact copy of the French Versailles.

Royal lilies are a symbol of the Bourbons, sculptures, paintings depicting the “Sun King”, and other related motifs form a cross-cutting plot of the overall architectural design of the interior. The main colors are blue, burgundy and gold, with the latter predominating. As at Linderhof, the table for the shy king rises from under the floor in the dining room.

The wealth, luxury and scale of Herrenchiemsee surpasses Versailles in some respects. For example, the Mirror Gallery with an enfilade of 17 arched windows, illuminated by 33 chandeliers and 44 candelabra, is as magnificent as its “sister” Versailles Glace Gallery, but longer (98 m).

Visitors to the palace from railway station From the resort town of Prien am Chiemsee, a small train with several carriages delivers you to the pier, then a 20-minute boat ride to the island.

Ludwig II invested all his funds in the construction of castles. When they ran out, money from the state treasury was used, which was virtually empty, for which he was, in fact, removed from power. But today, a century and a half later, the funds he invested are returned a hundredfold in the form of income from tourists visiting castles, because these are the most popular tours to Bavaria. Neuschwanstein alone is visited by more than 1 million people every year. But Ludwig himself was categorically against the idea of ​​visitors appearing in the castles of his dreams. But it turned out that it became one of the tourist symbols of Bavaria. He is remembered and loved here. And on the billboards of local builders you can see the image of Ludwig wearing royal regalia and a construction worker’s helmet.

Top 10 attractions in Bavaria

The Bavarian Alps

The Bavarian Alps stretch south from Munich to the Austrian border and from beautiful Lake Constance in the west to the area around Salzburg in the east. In some cases, the height of the mountains reaches 3000 meters, which is exactly the height of the most high mountain Germany - Zugspitze. The beauty of the Bavarian Alps is enhanced by deep glacial valleys and high plateaus with numerous lakes. In the Bavarian Alps they offer excursions of all types, from ordinary walking tours, including for family vacation and up to quite complex, almost sporty ones. Worth checking out is the Bertechsgaden National Park, the only park of its kind in the German Alps, whose plateau, the Untersberg, is a hiking paradise.

Lindau and Lake Constance)

Lindau, the most Big city on the Bavarian shore of Lake Constance, it consists of the picturesque Old Town on the island, the harbor and the Lindau Gardens. The harbor is a great place to enjoy the delights of Lake Constance, it is worth paying attention to the main attractions of Lindau - the Old Lighthouse and Magnturm, stone tower which was built in the 12th century, as part of the medieval fortifications of the city. Also of interest during city tours are the sculpture of the Bavarian Lion, symbol of the state of Bavaria, and the 33-meter high new lighthouse, both of which were built in 1856. The old town has many beautiful streets lined with Gothic and Renaissance style houses. Particularly attractive is the main street city, with its arches, fountains and cafes.


3. Zugspitze ( Zugspitze)

Mount Zugspitze is an iconic landmark of Bavaria, it is the most high point Germany, its height is 2962 meters above sea level. The Zugspitze is part of the Wetterstein Alpine mountain range, which straddles the border between Austria and Germany. The mountain rises among steep valleys with beautiful lakes and forests, it is famous for its gilded cross and magnificent views. The top can be reached by cable car or by many hiking trails all levels to choose from. At an altitude of 2950 meters there is a restaurant with observation deck where the magnificent view panoramic view to the landscapes of Bavaria. In the surrounding area of ​​Zugspitze there are many first-class ski resorts that open their doors during the winter season.


4. Munich

Munich, the capital of Bavaria, is the third largest city in Germany and a true gem sightseeing tour in Bavaria. The city on the Isar River on the edge of the Bavarian Alps is home to many cultural and historical attractions in Germany and is one of the most best places to get to know Bavaria. The central attraction of Munich is main square city, Marienplatz, it is surrounded by magnificent medieval houses, St. Peter's Church, built in the Romanesque style, Cathedral of Our Lady and the Church of St. Michael, the largest church north of the Alps in the Renaissance architectural style. Munich is also well known for its beautiful parks, including the English Garden, the world's largest urban public park.


The Bavarian Forest

The breathtaking Bavarian Forest stretches along the border between Germany and the Czech Republic and covers Bavarian Forest National Park, as well as two others large park, natural Park Bavarian Forest and East Bavarian national park, it is the largest protected area of ​​forest in Europe. Today the area is crossed by countless excellent walking routes, including leading to the 1455-meter peak of Mount Grand Arber, the most high peak a Bavarian-bohemian mountain range and home to one of Germany's most popular ski resorts.

Official website: nationalpark-bayerischer-wald.de

The German Alpine Highway

One of the most amazing opportunities to get acquainted with the beauties and attractions of Bavaria is the German Alpine Highway, which was built in 1933 and is currently a 450-kilometer route from Lake Constance through the Allga and the Bavarian Alps to Berchtesgaden. This is a popular way to see the most interesting places Bavaria, namely ancient castles and palaces of kings such as Ludwig II and Maximilian II, perennial forests and beautiful lakes, atmospheric villages and Romanesque houses in small towns, Gothic churches and cathedrals.

Official website: deutsche-alpenstrasse.de


7. Berchtesgaden ( Berchtesgaden)

The city of Berchtesgaden is located at the end of the German Alpine Highway and is one of the most popular resort towns in the Bavarian Alps. Surrounded by the Hocher Goll, Watzmann and Untersberg mountains, Berchtesgaden has been one of the main holiday centers for Germans for many centuries. When visiting the city, you should pay attention to beautiful palace Wittelsbach, originally an Augustinian house founded in 1100, it now houses a museum with a fine collection of weapons, furniture, porcelain and paintings. Also of interest is the private road built for Adolf Hitler, along which you can get to Kehlsteinhaus at an altitude of 1834 meters, where you will find a restaurant and magnificent panoramic views. Be sure to visit the beautiful lakes around the city.


Old Town Aschaffenburg)

The old town of Aschaffenburg in lower Franconia is located on the hilly right bank of the Main River and is dominated by ancient buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries. It is here that you will find the Art Gallery with an impressive collection of Dutch and early German paintings, as well as the Palace Museum with a superb palace library and a number of magnificent state apartments. During a tour of the city, it is worth paying special attention to the 12th century Monastery Church of Saints Peter and Alexander.

Official website: schloesser.bayern.de


9. Mittenwald ( Mittenwald)

Mittenwald lies in the beautiful, sheltered Isar valley, framed to the south and west by forest, dominated by the Wetterstein peak. One of the most charming towns in the Bavarian Alps, Mittenwald is famous for its magnificent old houses with their unique frescoed exteriors, as well as the Baroque Parish Church with its painted tower. Built in 1745, it is famous for the statue of Matthias Klotz, who died here in 1743.

Amberg)

The old town of Amberg is still surrounded by medieval walls with towers and gates, and is a great place to get a real taste of old Bavaria. The center of Amberg's Old Town is Trade area, and the highlight of the square is the 14th-century town hall with its exquisite Council Chamber and beautiful coffered ceilings. During the tour, do not miss the late Gothic Church of St. Martin, built in 1421, it is the most historically important Gothic church in the Upper Palatinate, after the cathedral Regensburg. Highlights include the 91-meter west tower, built in 1534, and the imposing monument to Count Palatine Ruprecht, who died in 1397.


I think everyone will agree with the statement that Bavaria is a real place for romantics. Each element of nature is individual in its own way, and when put together they create a beautiful picture. To begin with, you can pay attention to the green hills, then spend a day fishing in the clearest lakes, and then try to conquer the snow-capped Alps.

For some reason this region of Germany is called the romantic road. Although, it is obvious that he received this title due to the presence of such a large number of opportunities. Each city in Bavaria boasts its own charm, so we decided to put together a small informational list in which we will tell you about all the most beautiful places that are definitely worth visiting. Moreover, you can get more pleasure if you go on a trip to Bavaria on your own.

By the way, if you choose an offline travel mode, we recommend that you use the services of the Economybookings.com service, with which you can choose a car for rent at the best price. Of course, no one canceled trains and planes, so it’s time to get ready to go. So, we present to your attention the cities of Bavaria that are worth seeing during independent travel.

Nuremberg

The first city I would like to talk about is Nuremberg, which is called here the Treasury of the German Empire. This place received this title for preserving its medieval appearance and its perfect preservation to this day.

Hundreds of identical houses with tiled roofs, small streets in length and width, majestic squares and wide pavements. The city itself will be extremely interesting from all sides, so it will definitely take more than one day to fully explore it.

Places for mandatory visit in Nuremberg:

  • Burg, or the so-called Nuremberg Castle, consisting of the castle of the emperors called Kaiserburg, the equally impressive Burggrafenburg and the majestic fortress of Nuremberg.
  • Local market Square, which is in addition to the venue for the Christmas fair, famous throughout Germany. Starting from the first month of winter, when the grand opening of the bazaar takes place, the whole place begins to become saturated with the Christmas spirit. New Year's music, colorful garlands, and, of course, the opportunity to try numerous traditional dishes. By the way, I would like to give a special recommendation to lebkuchen, delicious marzipan, famous Bavarian sausages and classic mulled wine. In a word, once you get here, you may not notice how a real fairy tale begins to play out its performance around you.
  • The Frauenkirche Church, located in the central square of the city, has been attracting tourists from all over the world for decades with its unique clock, which depicts miniature subjects who worship their king every day at noon. Opposite the chapel there is an impressive fountain, which is painted in different colors during night performances.
  • The most popular museums in Nuremberg are the Toy Museum, the Transport Museum, and the Postal and Communications Museum.
  • If you are interested in looking at ancient imperial relics, then we definitely recommend visiting the Nuremberg Town Hall, which contains copies of the crown and scepter of person No. 1. While in the basement you can visit a prison and a torture chamber.
  • Perhaps the most famous place, which all tourists strive to see, is the Palace of Justice, famous for hosting the famous Nuremberg trials, during which more than six hundred Nazi criminals were sentenced.

Tip: don't miss taking advantage of the so-called Nuremberg Historic Mile, which is a a tourist route, whose path passes through various medieval buildings in the Old Town area.

Wurzburg

Würzburg can be called a city that has been undeservedly left without due attention from travelers. Unfortunately, most tourists do not visit this city when traveling around Bavaria, although it would definitely be worth it. It is worth noting that the first historical fact about Würzburg dates back to 704. It was here that the knightly tournament was held, which went down in history as the first such event on German lands.

A couple of centuries later, this place gained widespread fame due to the formation of the first witch-hunting center within the local area. But there hasn’t been anything memorable in terms of architecture since then, since during the assault on Germany in 1945 the city was completely destroyed by British aircraft, which did not prevent it from being rebuilt in such a short time.

Must-see places in Wurzburg:

  • Marienberg is a majestic fortress on the other side of the Main River, which until 1720 was considered the full residence of local bishops. It is worth noting that this building towers over almost the entire city due to its location on a hill, and is also known for its mixture of architectural styles, spanning more than one century due to constant reconstructions and rebuildings. By the way, on the territory of the fortress there is also the oldest city church and a couple of historical museums.
  • An ancient bridge connecting the surroundings of the fortress with the city territory. A special feature of the bridge is the decoration of a dozen statues of saints, bishops, and German rulers.
  • Within the city limits there is one of the monuments of world culture, represented by the Würzburg Episcopal Residence, reflecting in its appearance an example of the late Baroque that will appeal to all art lovers.

Oberammergau

Oberammergau is a small Bavarian town, notable for the coloring of all its houses with various fairy-tale or biblical scenes intertwined with traditional ornaments. You simply can’t imagine how majestic this settlement looks against the backdrop of the snow-capped Alps. This place simply must be included in your independent travel itinerary.

Another feature of Oberammergau is the local theater, known throughout Germany for its six-month long performances, held once every ten years. It is noteworthy that the actors in these performances are ordinary residents of the town. By the way, not far from the settlement there is the famous castle of Ludwig II called Linderhof.

Munich

Obviously, any independent travel itinerary in Bavaria will include a visit to Munich, which is worth a visit for a number of reasons (history, beer, sausages, festivals, holidays, concerts), but let me introduce some more “secret” attractions of the city (see).

Must-see places in Munich:

The town, founded before our era, simply must be included in the route, since you certainly won’t find older places in Bavaria.

Must-see places in Auksburg:

  • City Hall, which is the main city symbol. It is here in the main hall that all significant events of the city and region are held. Be sure to look at this place from the inside, as it is richly decorated with paintings.
  • A city within a city called Fuggerei, which is historic district, moreover, residential (and very expensive), which was named after the founder of the entire quarter, Jakob Fugger. It has its own church, school, hospital and even a gate (the quarter is surrounded by a wall).
  • The majestic Perlachturm tower;
  • Mozart's family home
  • The colorful weavers' house is something you won't be able to pass by.

Bamberg

It turns out that more than one Rome was built on seven hills (see). There is also a town in Germany that was built in a similar way. No one can really say how the city managed to survive the bombing in 1945, but this is for the best, because now here you can find many buildings that have preserved the architecture of the Middle Ages.

But the city is famous not only for its seven hills, but also for its ten own breweries, the total number of which in the district reaches eighty units. If you love beer even a little, you will not fail to take the opportunity to head to Bamberg. There is also a small river here called Regnitz, which divides the city into two almost equal parts (doesn’t that remind you of Budapest?).

Must-see places in Bamberg:

  • Bamberg Cathedral, which is a perfect example of Romanesque architecture, including elements of early Gothic;
  • Altenburg Fortress, which was previously the residence of the city's archbishops and at the same time served as a refuge for refugees from all over the country.
  • The Town Hall, now serving as a museum. In fact, there is nothing to see there, but look at its arrangement, at artificial island definitely worth it.
  • Garden of a Million Roses.

Fussen

The final stage of our journey will be Fussen, which can be considered almost the most important city in terms of the number of attractions and other places worth visiting.

It is here that the largest castles in all of Germany, Neuschwanstein, as well as Hohenschwangau, are located nearby, not to mention dozens of other equally stunning places to visit.

As a rule, tourists rarely come here, ending their trip in Munich, but, take my word for it, it is more beautiful here than in Munich. Just look at Fussen, which consists of numerous picturesque houses that create a unique architectural ensemble.

Must-see places in Fussen:

  • Upper lock;
  • Neuschwanstein Castle, perched on a cliff and from a distance giving the impression of floating in the sky. A special feature of this place are the frescoes that retell dozens of different German legends in any way. Well, I’m completely silent about the view that opens from the cliff.
  • Hohenschwangau Castle, like its twin sister described above, is also located on a cliff. Be sure to pay attention to the local murals!
  • Church dedicated to the suffering Christ during his stay in Vieza (all frescoes convey legends and scenes from the Bible);
  • The majestic Mount Tegelberg, allowing you to take in both castles and the town as a whole. It can only be reached by cable car, because over the past few years the pedestrian roads have simply been washed away by heavy rains;
  • Numerous lakes: Alpsee, Schwansee, as well as Forggensee and Weissensee.

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Briefly about Bavaria: why to go and what to see

Bavaria is one of the most distinctive regions of Germany, it is not surprising that tourists and travelers have long loved this southern land for its attractions, nature, cuisine, climate and recreational opportunities. Indeed, Bavaria is the most large region in the country, diverse both in its landscape and historical heritage. Tourists who have been here note that Bavaria combines various areas of tourism and is not limited to just one. In Bavaria, romantic castles and famous historical monuments, alpine nature and Franconian “gingerbread” towns, crystal clear lakes and museums of modern technology. The Bavarians themselves say that everyone here can find something to their liking.

Travel routes in Bavaria are very diverse. In the north of the region is Franconia with its small but extremely picturesque towns, thermal resort and the greatest natural phenomenon- Danube fault. In the south of the country you can see alpine nature with its lakes, mountains and waterfalls, as well as visit local ski resorts. To the west are world-famous castles, as well as Lake Constance. To the east is the Bavarian Forest nature park. Well, Central Bavaria is traditionally associated with Munich and its many attractions.

R. Halfpaap/Bad Reichenhall

Visa and entry rules to Germany

In order to enter Germany for the purpose of tourism, you need a Schengen visa type C. It allows you to travel throughout all countries included in the Schengen agreement. Having received a Schengen visa, you can easily travel both within Germany and beyond. For example, tourists often combine a visit to Bavaria with trips to Austria (Salzburg, Hallstatt, Innsbruck) or the Czech Republic (Prague, Karlovy Vary, Cesky Krumlov).

To open a tourist visa, you need to collect a standard package of documents, take out insurance (with coverage of at least 30 thousand euros), purchase a return ticket and book accommodation (hotel, apartments, etc.). If you are traveling to Bavaria on a visitor visa, you must also include an invitation from the German side. In addition to the embassy in Moscow, general consulates where you can apply for a visa are also located in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Kaliningrad, Novosibirsk, in addition, in many large cities there are visa centers dealing with this issue.


polybert49/Munich

Climate and weather of Bavaria

The climate of Bavaria is quite mild, with the exception of the foothills of the Bavarian Alps. Bavaria is considered the southernmost region of the country, so the precipitation here is much less than in the rest of Germany; in winter there may be a slight minus and short-term snowfall, which, most often, immediately melts. Spring, summer and autumn in Bavaria are warm, but not hot, for this reason excursion holiday will be comfortable at almost any time of the year. The weather of Bavaria is characterized by stability and mildness over most of the territory, with the exception of the Bavarian Alps, where winters are quite snowy (open ski resorts), A summer months may be windy and slightly wetter than the rest of the region.


Clemens v. Vogelsang/Lindau

Currency, language, local time

In Germany, like in most European countries, the euro currency is adopted. If you have not exchanged money in advance, currency exchange offices can be found in the arrival terminals. You will need cash at the airport to pay for public transport or taxis; other currencies (dollars, for example) are not accepted for payment.

In Bavaria, as in the rest of Germany, they speak German, while in the southern part of the region you can hear an unusual Swabian dialect, which is also typical for Austria, which borders Bavaria. English is generally understood in all tourist places, many signs in museums, galleries, castles and other attractions are duplicated on English language, you can often take Russian-language audio guides on excursions. Local time coincides with Moscow.


Polybert49/Munich

How to get to Bavaria

There are two main ways to get to Bavaria - by flying to Munich or Memmingen. Munich Airport is a major international air hub in Germany, where planes from all over the world land, including direct flights from Russia. You can get from Moscow or St. Petersburg to Munich by direct flight, from other cities of Russia - with a transfer at one of the airports in Moscow.

Direct flights from Moscow to Munich are available Russian airlines Aeroflot, S7 and German LuftHansa. In addition, many European carriers offer flights to Munich with a short transfer in one of the European capitals and, as a rule, such tickets are somewhat cheaper. The flight time lasts 3 hours. Munich Franz Josef Strauss Airport is located 30 km from the city center and consists of 2 terminals. You can get from the airport by city train, regular bus or taxi. The train station is located right at the airport, bus stop— at the exit from arrival terminal No. 1. You can order a taxi at the information desk, or book a transfer in advance through various services:


Polybert49/Hofgarten, Munich

Public transport in Bavaria

Bavaria is literally riddled with a network public transport, so moving between cities and smaller settlements here is easy and relaxed. A convenient way to travel around the region is to buy the so-called “Bavarian ticket” for regional trains and electric trains; it is cheap and often justifies itself in terms of logistics. With this ticket you can travel not only to Bavaria itself, but also, for example, to visit the Austrian Salzburg. Of course, you can travel with regular one-time tickets. Train schedule – on .

Relatively recently, a type of transportation such as a bus has become competitive in Germany. Although bus trips take a little longer, due to the low cost of tickets, they are very popular among budget tourists. In addition, buses also help out when you need to get to places in Bavaria where trains do not go, or where they do, but with a large number of transfers, for example, everyone’s favorite Bavarian castles, as well as the alpine region of Berchtesgaden.

As for urban public transport, in most cities there is simply no need for it due to the small size of the settlements themselves. The only exception is, perhaps, Munich. In Munich, public transport is represented by the city metro, commuter trains, trams and buses. The entire Munich public transport network is divided into zones. In order not to bother themselves with all these divisions into zones, it is convenient for tourists to purchase tickets for the whole day (or for 3 days) and travel unlimitedly on all types of transport to any area of ​​the city.

If you plan to travel a little, then you can get by with a one-time ticket; its cost will depend on the zone you need to get to (the ticket machines have detailed maps, duplicated in English). By the way, in the Munich metro there are no turnstiles or barriers at all, but this does not mean that there is no control on the line.

Please note that tickets must be validated in special machines located at stations before boarding; on buses this must be done inside the cabin. For an unvalidated ticket, the owner faces a fine. In general, moving around Munich is quite convenient even for those who are in the city for the first time, because... Everywhere there are detailed signs and diagrams that help you quickly find your way around the place. In this plan (as in many others) Munich is a “friendly” city towards tourists.


Allie_Caulfield/Nuremberg

Car rental in Bavaria

Germany is traditionally famous for its impeccable roads, and especially for its high-speed highways - autobahns, thanks to which you can quickly get to any settlement. Another advantage of roads in Germany is that they are free (whereas in most European countries Tolls apply for traveling on expressways.) If you are a happy holder of a driver's license and plan to travel a lot around Bavaria and, possibly, beyond its borders, then it makes sense to consider a method of transportation such as a rented car.

This option is quite widely in demand in Germany, and in Bavaria in particular. You can find car rental offices in any more or less large Bavarian city. Needless to say, there are a great many such offices in Munich. Prepared tourists often book a car directly at the airport of arrival so as not to waste time on public transport.

In order to draw up a rental agreement for a car, you must have a passport, an international driving license (or a new type with an entry in Latin), bank card to write off funds. You will also be offered to take out car insurance. To ensure that the desired class of car is guaranteed to be waiting for you upon arrival at the airport, you can book it in advance through special online services:


Heribert Bechen/Danube Fault

Travel insurance

When going on a trip to Germany and Bavaria in particular, do not forget to take out a travel insurance policy, which is mandatory already at the registration stage tourist visa. You can take out insurance yourself without leaving your home. There are special services for this:

- online insurance for people traveling abroad and traveling in Russia;

- O online service for selecting and purchasing travel insurance with the ability to compare offers from various insurance companies;

You can purchase a policy online and then print it on a regular printer. Insurance must be attached to your visa documents, and you must also have it with you when going through passport control upon arrival at the airport. Please note that the minimum amount of insurance coverage for travel to European countries is 30 thousand euros. Medicine in Germany is paid and quite expensive, so having insurance with you is not a luxury, but a necessity.


Pixelteufel/Garmisch

We will be happy to answer your questions in the comments!

Photo at the beginning of the article: Bernd Thaller