Russia - amazing country, a visit to which will add to the collection of the most interesting places seen by any tourist. The beauty of its open spaces and many delightful sights inspired the work of world-famous writers and artists. In Russia there are many corners of wildlife that will shake you to the core with their amazing landscapes. This is also a country of skilled craftsmen who created real masterpieces of architecture that have preserved their majesty and beauty over the centuries. It is very difficult to list all the sights of Russia: after all, each region of this greatest state in the world has many unique places. But still, the most popular places in terms of attendance can be identified. Photos with names and descriptions of the main attractions will allow you to appreciate their beauty and awaken the desire to visit such impressive most beautiful places Oh.

Business card Russian Federation and its capital is the Moscow Kremlin, which is worth a visit to every tourist. This delightful place has developed over many centuries, thanks to which today it amazes with its beauty and versatility. Behind the powerful walls, which were used in ancient times to protect the city, there are a huge number of temples that were built during the Middle Ages and have survived to this day in excellent condition. Here it will be interesting to visit the Assumption Cathedral, which is considered the main temple of Russia. The coronation of emperors Ivan the Terrible and Peter I took place within its walls. The Annunciation Cathedral, decorated with many golden domes, impresses with its beauty. It preserves icons made back in the 14th century. The presidential residence is now located on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin. This most valuable historical monument is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

When visiting attractions in the Russian Federation, it is worth paying attention to the Winter Palace, located in the Northern capital of the state. This architectural masterpiece was erected for Elizabeth Petrovna. The talented architect Francesco Rastrelli worked on the creation of the project for this delightful structure. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the palace was main residence Russian emperors. Today, within its walls the Hermitage is open, which contains more than 3 million works of art. The Winter Palace impresses not only with its unique exterior. Any visitor will be surprised by the extremely rich decoration of the premises. In front of the palace there is a magnificent square decorated with the Alexandria Column, which was erected in honor of the victory over the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Every person who arrives in Moscow rushes to Red Square, where a huge number of city attractions are located. The formation of the architectural ensemble of the square took place over many centuries, so here you can see temples erected in the 15th century and buildings built several decades ago. Most popular place on Red Square is St. Basil's Cathedral, which captivates amazing architecture and colorfulness. Tourists try to visit Red Square at noon or in the morning and evening hours: it is at this time that you can hear the chimes located on the Spasskaya Tower.

Russia has always been famous for its talented artists, as clearly evidenced by the exhibitions of the Tretyakov Gallery. The formation of its extremely rich collection began back in 1856. It was then that the famous Moscow merchant Pavel Tretyakov began collecting paintings by domestic and foreign artists and works of sculptors. In 1892, the newly formed gallery was donated to the city and immediately became very popular. It was named after the famous founder - the Tretyakov Gallery. The main building of the art museum was designed according to the sketches of the famous Russian painter and artist Vasnetsov. In its courtyard there is a monument to the founder of the Tretyakov Gallery.

One of the oldest architectural monuments is the Novgorod Kremlin, on the territory of which you can visit a huge number of ancient temples. Its construction began during the reign of Yaroslav the Wise. The walls of the Kremlin protected the inhabitants of the city in cases of enemy attacks. In the 14th century the first defensive towers, and in the 16th century all the wooden walls were destroyed and rebuilt from brick. Many sections of the Kremlin walls were destroyed over the long period of existence of the historical monument, but they were reconstructed, preserving the technology of ancient masonry. Today the Novgorod Kremlin is in excellent condition and awaits its visitors.

A real pearl of Russia's natural attractions is Lake Baikal, surrounded by snow-capped mountain peaks. This reservoir is located on a huge area, the length of which is 635 km and the width is 80 km. The water of the lake is famous for its purity, thanks to which you can view the inhabitants of the reservoir at a depth of up to 50 m. The richness of the flora and fauna of Lake Baikal is amazing. Here you can admire rare species of animals and plants listed in the Red Book.

When listing the main attractions of Russia, it is worth mentioning St. Isaac's Cathedral, located in St. Petersburg. This amazing structure is one of the most beautiful churches in Europe. The current building was preceded by two initial buildings: St. Isaac's Church, for which a huge barn was allocated, and a second stone temple, the construction of which took place under the leadership of Emperor Peter I. They began to think about the construction of the current cathedral at the beginning of the 19th century. The best architects in Russia were commissioned to create the temple project. In 1858, the new St. Isaac's Cathedral was consecrated and opened to visiting parishioners. Today it houses an art museum and holds daily services.

The best example of military fortification construction is the Solovetsky Kremlin. The walls of the fortress were built from stones polished by the glacier and sea ​​water, which makes them unique and harsh. On the territory of the Solovetsky Kremlin there are a huge number of ancient shrines, which were used as prisons in Soviet times. Clergy and intellectuals served their sentences here. Only in 1974 the architectural complex was declared a unique historical monument protected by the state. Thanks to professionally carried out restoration work, the Solovetsky Kremlin was restored.

The castle is extremely popular among tourists. bird home", erected in 1912. It is located in the southern part Crimean peninsula, on Aurora Rock. This amazing building, made in the neo-Gothic style, rises directly above a 40-meter cliff. Due to the small area of ​​space allocated for construction, the castle is not huge in size, but at the same time it surprises with its amazing architecture. Near the palace there are excellent gardens that tourists can also admire.

The oldest historical monuments in Russia include Peter-Pavel's Fortress. It was designed by the founder of the city of St. Petersburg, Emperor Peter I, and the French engineer Joseph de Guerin. The walls of the fortress have a hexagonal shape, which is due to the contours of Hare Island. On the territory of this architectural complex there are ancient temples, which are also included in the list of historical values ​​of Russia. Most visitors to the fortress try to go on a tour at midday, when the daily shot is fired from a cannon located in the Naryshkinsky bastion.

The Crimean peninsula is extremely rich in various attractions that are often visited by tourists. One of these places is the Livadia Palace. This is a beautiful snow-white building surrounded by magnificent parks, was erected in 1911 for the Romanov family. It has become a real inspiration for many writers and artists. During Soviet times, the palace was used as a sanatorium for workers. Business meetings at the highest level were also held here. Only in 1993 the Livadia Palace was given the status of a museum.

One of the most ancient sights of the Russian Federation is the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. It is considered a historical center Nizhny Novgorod. Its powerful walls, built to protect the city, are more than 2 km long. Here, 13 powerful towers of round and rectangular shape have been preserved in their original form. In the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin you can admire the temples built during the Middle Ages. The residence of the local leadership is also located here.

Many tourists staying in Russia do not miss the opportunity to visit the Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy. The complex was first opened to the public in 1935. The erected structures amazed with their beauty and scale. During the Second World War, the exhibitions and the library were evacuated. In the post-war years, the pavilions needed reconstruction, which ended only in 1954. Over time, the territory of the exhibition complex expanded significantly. Today you can visit many different exhibitions, the wonderful Botanical Garden and Ostankino Park.

One of the most beautiful sights is Peterhof. This is an architectural complex that includes palace buildings and wonderful parks with many delightful fountains. The founder is amazing place Emperor Peter I is considered. This country residence of the reigning persons expanded over the course of two centuries. During the Second World War, Peterhof's buildings and park areas were damaged during the battles. The architects managed to completely restore it, and today it pleases tourists with an excellent view.

Residents of St. Petersburg are proud of one of the most beautiful places in the city and in all of Russia - Nevsky Prospekt. The beginning of its construction dates back to the 18th century. After the construction of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra was completed, the monks began to build a road connecting the temple with the city. Along the road, by order of Peter I, they began to develop alleys for walking. All structures erected along the avenue had to harmoniously complement the architecture of this place. Today, about 240 buildings line the avenue, each of which deserves the attention of tourists.

Tourists will be extremely interested to see the beauty of another ancient landmark of Russia - the Kazan Kremlin. On its territory, surrounded by powerful protective walls, you can see many unique temples and the Presidential Palace. All buildings are in excellent condition and can clearly demonstrate the features of 19th century architecture. The advantage of this place is the beauty of the surrounding nature. Here you can admire the picturesque landscapes of the surrounding area.

The Kremlin in the eastern region of the Russian capital Izmailovo clearly demonstrates the features of ancient Russian wooden architecture. The construction of all structures took place in the early 2000s. The craftsmen strictly adhered to ancient construction methods, thanks to which all the buildings in this place completely imitate Medieval buildings. Now there are many museums in the Kremlin where you can get acquainted with the most popular ancient Russia crafts.

Many climbers from all over the world flock to Russia to climb the world's highest mountain, Elbrus. Here you can also admire amazing scenery Caucasus Mountains, enchanting with snow-white peaks. Shelters and cable cars are constantly being built on the slopes of the mountain, which allows even people who do not know the intricacies of mountaineering to visit Elbrus, even if not at its very top. The view from such shelters is stunning in its beauty and will forever remain in the memory of any tourist.

Fans of unusual architecture should visit the Assumption Monastery, which was built in the Maryam-Dere gorge near Bakhchisarai on the Crimean Peninsula. This ancient shrine was founded around the 8th century. According to scientists, Byzantine monks were involved in its construction. Over the many centuries of its existence, the monastery has experienced times of prosperity and decline. In Soviet times, a dispensary for the mentally ill was even opened here. Only in 1993 did the restoration of all the monastery buildings begin, which are now open to the public.

You can visit this delightful attraction in the city of Rostov. Here on the shore of Lake Nero is Rostov Kremlin, which today is a historical reserve. This architectural complex was originally conceived as the residence of the metropolitan, so there are many churches on its territory. They were built in different times, therefore, clearly indicate the architectural features of different time periods. What attracts tourists most is the Assumption Cathedral, the domes of which are visible from remote areas of the city.

Another attraction of Crimea deserves attention - the magnificent Nikitinsky Botanical Garden. Its creation dates back to 1812, when, by order of Alexander I, the imperial garden was built in Crimea. Every year the number of rare plants collected from all over the planet increased, and today the number of species exceeds 15 thousand. Tourists who visit this wonderful place have the opportunity to stroll along the alleys of the park and admire the decorative design of the gardens.

Many tourists who arrive in Russia go to Volgograd to see the majestic sculpture erected in honor of the soldiers who heroically defended Stalingrad during the Great Patriotic War. The statue rises 85 m above the ground. It took about 8 years to make the sculpture. In order for such a large monument to be stable, a base was made underneath it, buried almost 16 m into the ground. After its construction, the sculpture even entered the Guinness Book of Records as the tallest monument at that time.

Technology lovers will love the Russian Air Force Museum, which displays a huge number of different fascinating exhibits. Looking through all the airplanes and helicopters on display, you can trace the development of the aviation industry in the Russian Federation. Here you can also see domestic and foreign aircraft of the Second World War. To house all the collected exhibits, the museum was allocated 2 huge hangars, 6 halls and a significant area for storage. open air. The museum has a workshop where new exhibits are restored and aircraft that are already at the museum’s disposal are repaired.

Of particular interest to tourists is Tsarskoye Selo, located in the city of Pushkino. This is an excellent museum-reserve where you can admire the beauty of majestic palaces and parks. It occupies an area of ​​107 hectares. The pearl of the museum is Catherine Palace. The authorship of its architectural design belongs to the famous master Rastrelli. Under his leadership, the building acquired a luxuriously decorated façade. Nowadays there are many museums on the territory of Tsarskoye Selo.

The pride of Russia is the Museum of the World Ocean, located in Kaliningrad. It was founded at the end of the 20th century and in such a short time collected a huge number of unique exhibits. The museum's exhibitions are located not only in the main building. Some of them are on ships and even a submarine. The museum also has a library, which contains the works of the most famous scientists and a huge amount of educational literature.

Those wishing to learn the history of Russian art and the peculiarities of the development of its various directions should visit the State Russian Museum, created at the end of the 19th century. It contains more than 400 thousand exhibits. The most valuable objects of the museum were created back in the 10th century. While visiting the museum, you can admire the magnificent architecture of the Mikhailovsky Palace, within the walls of which the main exhibition is located.

Guests of Russia rarely ignore the Ostankino TV Tower, which is located in Moscow. Built in 1967, at that time it was the tallest structure on the planet. The most popular place of the tower is Observation deck, from which you can admire the beauty of the capital of Russia. It is located at an altitude of 337 m above the ground. Near Ostankino TV tower You can stroll through wonderful parks. It is especially beautiful here at night, when the surrounding area is flooded with light from lanterns and spotlights.

Another popular attraction in Russia is the Sparrow Hills, rising on the banks of the Moscow River. In the 14th century, the settlement of Vorobyovo was located here, which determined the future name of the mountains. In the 15th century, the village became the property of Moscow princes. A palace was built here, which was used as the summer residence of the kings. The richest people in Moscow built their country estates on the territory of the Sparrow Hills. Today you can see magnificent buildings and delightful park areas.

Lovers picturesque nature they simply cannot ignore the opportunity to see the beauty of the landscapes of the southern part of the Crimean peninsula from a bird's eye view. This can be done by a cable car that runs from the village of Miskhor to the Ai-Petri plateau. In special cabins you can rise to a height of up to 1200 m, from where you can see all the most picturesque places in this area. The length of the cable car is 1670 m, during which you can enjoy the feeling of free flight.

The lands of Karelia also abound in attractions. This is where you can visit Vyborg Castle, which was built in the 13th century. This magnificent structure protected the city’s residents from attacks by enemy troops for many centuries. In the 18th century, by order of Emperor Peter I, the walls of the castle were reconstructed and strengthened. They have retained their original appearance to this day. Over the years, the interior layout of the palace was slightly damaged, but the architects managed to partially restore it and now the building is used as a Museum of Local Lore.

This is just a small part of the sights that you can admire in Russia. There are many fascinating places throughout the country, a visit to which will leave you unforgettable experience. The photographs of the attractions posted in this article will allow you to imagine what unique monuments history, natural picturesque places Russian land is rich.

Russia is an incredible country. This is not even a country, but a whole world, which has everything - from architectural masterpieces and a huge number of museums, to a wide variety of natural attractions - mountain lakes, geysers, glaciers and much more. It is incomprehensible how all this survived throughout the history of the largest country in the world, rich in wars and uprisings.

Russians are quite strange people - they are proud of their history, but at the same time they can write a three-letter word on a monument. They are delighted with the nature of their homeland, but they are too lazy to clean up the empty bottles after the picnic. Nevertheless, this is a great people with a difficult fate and attitude to life, which no philosophical concept can explain.

Foreigners go to Russia to check whether Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Pushkin wrote about it, and to see with their own eyes attractions this unique country. Here short excursion according to the main ones.

1. Trans-Siberian Railway

Part of the world's longest railway, the historical section of the Trans-Siberian Railway stretches from Miass (a city in the Urals) to Vladivostok along the border with China and North Korea. It was this that Tsar Alexander III began to build in 1891, and his son Nicholas II completed what he started. 1916 The length of the oldest part of the Trans-Siberian Railway is more than 7000 km, and the total length railway track, connecting Moscow with Vladivostok - 9288 km.

Most travelers use the train for overnight accommodation; there are first, second and third class sleeping accommodations, the most expensive compartments have separate showers and toilets.

2. Elbrus

Mount Elbrus with a height of 5642 meters belongs to Caucasus ridge, located in the south of Russia. Elbrus is included in the Seven Summits - the highest mountains located on different continents of the planet. This is the most high mountain Russia, and thousands of beginner and experienced climbers come here every year.

Previously, Elbrus was a volcano, but not a single eruption was recorded, so it is believed that it is extinct forever. The 3800 meter mark can be reached by cable car, which is very convenient. At an altitude of 4130 meters, there used to be the Shelter of Eleven hotel, which burned down in 1998, and a new building is now under construction.

3. Valley of Geysers

Russian Far East- amazingly beautiful and unusual place. There are a lot of unique natural attractions here, one of which is the Valley of Geysers on the Kamchatka Peninsula - the second largest geyser field in the world.

The valley was discovered by Russian scientist Tatyana Ustinova in 1941, and since then many tourists and researchers have been coming here. The valley is included in the reserve, so there are certain rules for organizing excursions. The most convenient way to get to the Valley is by helicopter, but it is very expensive, so it is better to rent a helicopter with a company.

In 2007, a landslide descended into the Valley, after which it was flooded, but in 2013 a new landslide destroyed the natural dam, and the geysers began to flow again, and there were even more of them.

4. Kizhi Island

This is one of the main attractions of the Republic of Karelia, located in the North-West region of Russia, bordering Finland and washed by the waters White Sea. Since the 13th century, Karelians have lived here - a Finno-Ugric people who found themselves at the crossroads of the cultures of the West and the East.

Kizhi Island is a real open-air museum, nothing like the ones here wooden churches you won't find anywhere else in the world. The 37-meter Church of the Transfiguration with its 22 domes is especially beautiful. The church was founded at the beginning of the 18th century and is entirely built of wood. In addition to it, there are wooden peasant houses, windmills, bell towers and barns. There are very few indigenous local residents, but they carefully preserve their traditions - they weave various crafts from birch bark, do embroidery, sew national clothes, knit lace and sing folk songs.

5. Hagia Sophia in Novgorod

The church of incredible beauty is the main temple of Novgorod, a very ancient Russian settlement. The cathedral, in turn, is the oldest surviving church built by the Slavs, completed in 1050. The Hagia Sophia Cathedral is located on the territory of the Novgorod Kremlin, the height of the church is almost 40 meters.

The temple is crowned with five domes; several ancient Orthodox shrines are kept here, for example, the Icon of the Mother of God “The Sign”, which, according to legend, saved Novgorod from an attack by one of the princes in 1170. His army besieged the city, and when the residents realized that they could not fight back, they began to offer prayers to the Lord. On the third night of the siege, Archbishop John heard a voice commanding him to take this icon out of the cathedral, and he followed the will of God. When one of the arrows of the besiegers hit the icon, tears flowed from the eyes of the Most Holy Theotokos, after which the army of the besiegers threw down their weapons and ran away.

6. Lake Baikal

Traveling along the Trans-Siberian Railway and not enjoying the views of Lake Baikal is simply stupid. This ancient lake- the cleanest and deepest fresh water body on the planet. It contains 20% of the world's fresh water reserves, and the depth of the lake reaches 1642 meters.

Baikal was formed about 25 million years ago, and currently it is one of the most famous and beautiful bodies of water in the world. The lake is very large, so many locals call it the sea, and another common nickname is the Pearl of Siberia. If you decide to spend a few days here, you can stay in one of the tourist centers or rent a house, and for a very reasonable fee, and amateurs exotic holiday They can put up a tent in some picturesque place on the shore.

Please note that your impressions of Baikal will be incomplete without trying smoked Baikal omul - this is the most delicious fish in the world.

7. Suzdal

The city of Suzdal was previously the capital of one of the principalities of Ancient Rus', and now it is part of the so-called Golden Ring of Russia - ancient cities in which beautiful examples of medieval Russian architecture have been preserved.

Each city of the Ring is unique in its own way, but Suzdal is just one big architectural masterpiece. There are many beautiful, surprisingly well-preserved cathedrals, churches and entire monasteries, and in the very heart of Suzdal is the famous Suzdal Kremlin. Unfortunately, its wooden towers were destroyed by fire in the 18th century, but the earthworks and several buildings still exist, so there is a lot to see.

Suzdal is like a huge open-air museum: walking along the streets, it’s easy to imagine that you are in the distant past.

8. Moscow Kremlin

To describe all the beauty of the unique structures and relics of the Moscow Kremlin, there are not enough words even in the great and mighty Russian language. Located in historical center capital of Russia, this architectural ensemble became a long time ago business card countries.

The first wooden fortifications appeared here in the 12th century, and under Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy the Kremlin became white stone - in the most important towers and fortifications, wood was replaced with white stone. By the way, the memory of this was preserved in the speech of the Russian people - Moscow is still sometimes called “white stone”, although the Kremlin was “repainted” red long ago: Ivan III the Great (by the way, the grandfather of the first Russian Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible) ordered the best Italians to be sent from Europe architects, and they rebuilt the prince’s residence using baked bricks.

On an area of ​​27.5 hectares there are the Faceted Chamber (formerly it was the main ceremonial hall of the Kremlin), three cathedrals - the Assumption, Archangel and Annunciation, the Armory, the Ivan the Great Bell Tower and many other architectural masterpieces.

The Kremlin museums allow you to plunge headlong into the richest Russian history - it will take a lot of time to go around all the exhibitions and look at all the exhibits.

The Moscow Kremlin still serves as the residence of the rulers of Russia: reception halls and the official office of the president are located here, and in the Bolshoi Kremlin Palace Concerts and various ceremonies are held.

9. Hermitage

The Hermitage in St. Petersburg is the main treasury of Russia, in the literal and figurative sense of the word. Literally - because in the halls and storerooms of the museum there is a huge amount of priceless paintings, jewelry, samples of sculpture and ceramics, and what not! Figuratively - because it reflects the culture and history of Russia and the whole world, this is a real book, or, rather, a whole collection of works, but instead of a dry description of beautiful masterpieces, you can see them with your own eyes, it’s a pity you can’t touch them.

The museum began in 1764 as a collection of paintings by Empress Catherine II the Great, who spent considerable sums on the acquisition of paintings by brilliant European artists. Most of the paintings hung in the halls of the famous Winter Palace(the favorite residence of the Russian emperors), which then received the name “Hermitage” (in French this means “secluded place, shelter”).

Initially, ordinary people could not admire the masterpieces - the museum was opened to the general public only in 1852. Anyone who has ever been to the Hermitage will remember it for the rest of their lives, because there is an absolutely incredible atmosphere here, the luxury and splendor of the palace halls will not leave anyone indifferent. Please note that for photo and video shooting you need to purchase a special ticket, and you can only take photos without a flash.

10. St. Basil's Cathedral

This one is unusual and amazing beautiful temple located in the center of Moscow, on Red Square. You will find a description of the cathedral in any tourist guide, but it is better to see it with your own eyes, because it is impossible to describe it in words. It looks like a huge fire burning in the heart of the Russian capital: when the bright Moscow sun plays on its multi-colored domes, it is an incomparable spectacle.

The cathedral was erected in 1555–1561 by order of Ivan IV the Terrible. According to legend, after construction was completed, the cruel Russian Tsar ordered the architects Barma and Postnik to be blinded so that they could no longer build anything equal to this temple in beauty and grandeur. The king achieved his goal - in no corner of the world there is anything similar to this architectural masterpiece.

11. Red Square

A walk along Red Square is the first thing everyone should do in the Russian capital foreign tourist. The main milestones of Russian history are associated with this place, as evidenced by historical monuments - Lobnoye Mesto, where Russian tsars executed troublemakers, criminals and rebels; a monument to Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, who led the people’s militia at the beginning of the 17th century to drive the Polish occupiers out of Moscow; Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin and much more.

On Red Square they regularly held (and are held) various events, dedicated to public holidays, and military parades, from here on November 7, 1941, Soviet soldiers went straight to the front.

By the way, in the old days the word “red” meant “beautiful”, and if you see the square with your own eyes, you will understand why it was called that.

12. Derbent

The unique city of the Russian republic of Dagestan is not very popular among tourists, but it is worth visiting if only to walk along the streets of one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world.

Derbent is famous for its truly Caucasian hospitality and rich cultural traditions. Among the main cultural and historical attractions are the Derbent Wall, which is about 1.5 thousand years old, and Naryn-Kala, an ancient fortress that once faithfully served the defenders of the city. The oldest Muslim temple in Russia is located here - the Juma Mosque, built in 733.

Among the city's attractions, one cannot fail to mention Derbent cognac, which is made from Dagestan grapes. If you happen to get to Derbent, be sure to try it. Now it is the second largest city in Dagestan: the population is about 100 thousand inhabitants, most of whom are Lezgins, Azerbaijanis and Tabasarans.

13. Altai Mountains

If you think that the most beautiful mountains on Earth there are Alps, which means you have not been to Altai. This is the highest mountain system Siberia, on its territory the borders of Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan converge, and unlike European mountain resorts, not all the paths here have been trampled by the ubiquitous tourists.

The Altai Mountains give birth to mighty and deep-flowing Siberian rivers - the Ob, Irtysh and Yenisei, and in the stunningly beautiful valleys there are rare animals that you will not find anywhere else. There are many poachers here, whom the authorities are trying to fight, but so far not very successfully, mainly because officials themselves have more than once been seen exterminating unique representatives of the local fauna.

Since ancient times, distinctive tribes and peoples have lived in Altai, somewhat similar to the Indians: they worship gods in animal forms and practice pagan rituals.

It is best to start your trip around Moscow from Red Square and the Kremlin. The main and most famous square of the capital is located near the walls of the ancient Kremlin, it is also the main landmark of Moscow.

Here are located Lobnoye Mesto, a monument to citizen Minin and Prince Pozharsky, the famous Lenin Mausoleum - some of the most famous sights of Moscow. At its core, the Kremlin is a city and an ancient fortress on the banks of the Moscow River, the former residence of Moscow princes and tsars.

On the territory of the Kremlin there are beautiful cathedrals - the Assumption, Annunciation and Arkhangelsk, as well as a number of churches - ancient architectural landmarks of the capital. The legendary Tsar Cannon and huge size The Tsar Bell is also located within the walls of the Kremlin. Next to the ancient Kremlin walls are the Alexander Garden and Manezhnaya Square, Eternal Flame and Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

While in Moscow, you should definitely visit Arbat. This is one of oldest streets city ​​and one of the main attractions of Moscow. It is always interesting to walk along the pedestrian zone of Old Arbat, get acquainted with the architectural monuments and history of the street. There are always plenty of them for sale on Old Arbat. Another of the most interesting sights of Moscow is the revived Cathedral of Christ the Savior. This grandiose building, built in the Russian-Byzantine style, is distinguished by the luxury of both its external and internal decoration.

While walking around Moscow, it is worth visiting the Sparrow Hills of Moscow State University and the observation deck, from which viewers can enjoy a bewitching view of Moscow - all tourists are taken to this landmark of the capital. The Patriarch's Ponds always attract numerous fans of the work of Mikhail Bulgakov and the novel “The Master and Margarita”. This is a quiet green place in the city center with beautiful ponds where swans live. However, this landmark of Moscow, thanks to Bulgakov, began to have mystical overtones.

Moscow has more than sixty different museums and many galleries and exhibitions, many of which are on the list of must-see Moscow attractions. Among them, of course, it is worth noting the Tretyakov Gallery, founded by a famous Russian philanthropist. Among the cultural attractions of Moscow it is also worth noting showroom"Manege", Central House of Artists, Historical Museum on Red Square, Zoological Museums, Botanical and Zoological Gardens. Moscow also has many private art galleries specializing in contemporary art.

The main attractions of Moscow - the Kremlin and Red Square, Tverskaya and Arbat streets, the Bolshoi Theater, GUM, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior are located in the city center and are very popular among tourists.

What to see first?

List of attractions

  1. Red Square, St. Basil's Cathedral, GUM buildings and Historical Museum
  2. Tverskaya and
  3. Cathedral of Christ the Savior
  4. Monasteries: ,
  5. Estates: , Ostankino
  6. Museums: Tretyakov Gallery,
  7. , Planetarium, Great Moscow Circus, Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard
  8. Grand Theatre
  9. Poklonnaya Hill and Victory Park, VDNKh and the Worker and Collective Farm Woman monument
  10. Stalin's skyscrapers: the main building of Moscow State University, the building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the house on Kotelnicheskaya embankment, the Ukraine Hotel, the Leningradskaya Hotel
  11. Observation deck at Sparrow Hills, Ostankino tower
  12. Moscow Metro: stations Mayakovskaya, Kyiv-radial, Kyiv-ring, Revolution Square, Novoslobodskaya, Arbatskaya.

If this is your first time in Moscow, be sure to visit the Kremlin, look at Cathedral Square, Ivan the Great Bell Tower, Tsar Cannon and Tsar Bell, Grand Kremlin Palace. All the main relics of the country: Monomakh's Cap, the Diamond Crown of Catherine the Second, the huge Orlov diamond, the largest gold nugget in the world weighing 36 kg - in the Kremlin, they can be seen in the Armory Chamber and the Diamond Fund.

Moscow Kremlin:

The ensemble of Red Square consists of the beautiful St. Basil's Cathedral, the ancient buildings of GUM and the Historical Museum, they are located next to the Kremlin walls.

The most famous Moscow streets are Tverskaya and Old Arbat. On Tverskaya there is the City Hall building, a monument to the founder of the city - Yuri Dolgoruky, a monument to Pushkin on Pushkin Square, Eliseevsky grocery store - building No. 14, the Main Post Office and many of the most fashionable shops and restaurants. Arbat is a pedestrian street-sight, lined with paving stones, a symbol of old Moscow.

Monument to Yuri Dolgoruky on Tverskaya Street:

In the capital there is the main cathedral of the Russian Orthodox Church - the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. Russia's largest church was built to commemorate the victory over Napoleon, blown up during Stalin's time, and recently rebuilt.

Cathedral of Christ the Savior:

Look at the monasteries - Novodevichy, Donskoy, Novospassky.

The Novodevichy Convent is the most elegant of them, built in the Moscow Baroque style. For several centuries, persons of royal, boyar, and grand-ducal families were tonsured here. Princess Sophia was imprisoned here after the Streltsy riot. Another famous nun is the first wife of Peter the Great, Evdokia Lopukhina.

Novodevichy Convent:

Many noble estates and royal residences remained in the capital. The most beautiful of them are the estates of Kuskovo, Arkhangelskoye, Ostankino.

In the Tsaritsyno estate, except palace ensemble, built in the Russian Gothic style, you can admire another landmark of Moscow - the dancing and singing light and music fountain, and stroll through the vast ancient park.

In the Kolomenskoye Museum-Reserve, a former royal estate, there is one of the pearls of the city - the snow-white Church of the Ascension of the Lord, protected by UNESCO.

Church of the Ascension in the Kolomenskoye estate:

Main art museums Moscow - the famous Tretyakov Gallery and Museum fine arts them. A.S. Pushkin.

It is worth visiting the Museum of Cosmonautics, Historical, Darwin, Paleontological museums.

State Historical Museum:

Children will be interested in going to the Moscow Zoo or Planetarium, the Great Moscow Circus or the Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard.

The Bolshoi Theater is one of the best opera and ballet theaters in the world. The building has been restored, and classical music lovers can attend performances.

Historical auditorium of the Bolshoi Theater:

A few more Moscow attractions: Zaryadye Park, Poklonnaya Hill and Victory Park, VDNKh and the monument « Worker and collective farmer » , Gorky Park, where the most popular ice skating rink is opened in winter.

Pavilion No. 1 at VDNH:

Look at Stalin's skyscrapers - the building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the house on Kotelnicheskaya embankment, the Ukraina Hotel, the Main building of Moscow State University - the largest and oldest university in Russia.

High-rise building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs:

Near Moscow State University there is an observation deck on the Sparrow Hills , with which in good weather The entire surrounding area is clearly visible. You can also see the city from the Ostankino Tower - the tallest building not only in Moscow, but also in Europe. Its height including the spire is 540 meters.

The Moscow metro can also be considered one of the most interesting sights. The most beautiful stations are Mayakovskaya, Kyiv-radial, Kyiv-ring, Ploshchad Revolyutsii, Novoslobodskaya, Arbatskaya.

Sights of Moscow on the map.

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Places where every cultured person dreams of visiting.

Experts from the world's largest travel site TripAdvisor have compiled a ranking of 25 cultural sites that were most highly rated by tourists from around the globe.

In general, if you have not yet decided on your vacation plans, in this review website you can find some great ideas. For the next 25 holidays.

1. Machu Picchu, Peru

Machu Picchu, recognized as one of the New Wonders of the World, is located in modern Peru, on the top of a mountain range at an altitude of 2450 meters above sea level. It is called the “city in the sky” or “city among the clouds”, sometimes called the “lost city of the Incas”. Some archaeologists believe that the city was created as a sacred mountain retreat by the great Inca ruler Pachacutec around 1440, and functioned until 1532, when the Spanish invaded the Inca Empire. In 1532, all its inhabitants mysteriously disappeared.

2. Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is one of the six most large mosques in the world. Named after Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahyan, the founder and first president of the United Nations United Arab Emirates. Unlike many other Muslim temples, everyone is allowed into it, regardless of faith.

3. Taj Mahal, Agra, India

The Taj Mahal Mausoleum is one of the most recognizable landmarks not only in India but throughout the world. The structure was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth. The Taj Mahal is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in the world, as well as a symbol of eternal love.

4. Mezquita, Cordoba, Spain

Walls decorated with intricate patterns, mosaic ornaments, hundreds of thin openwork columns - this is how the Cathedral Mosque of Cordoba appears today. Many centuries ago, there was an ancient Roman temple on this site, then it was replaced by a Visigothic church, and in 785 the Mezquita appeared. It became the second most important mosque on the planet, and the pilgrimage to Cordoba was even equated to the obligatory hajj to Mecca for every Muslim. But then the Catholics replaced the Moors, and Mezquita was turned into a Christian temple.

5. St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican, Italy

The heart of the Vatican and the entire Catholic world, St. Peter's Basilica is one of the main attractions of Rome. Here you can view ancient Rome from a bird's eye view, admire the interior of the cathedral from the top of the dome, celebrate Mass and even receive the blessing of the pontiff.

6. Angkor Wat, Siem Reap, Cambodia

The Cambodian temple Angkor Wat is the largest religious building ever created, the history of which goes back almost 9 centuries. Even its name speaks about the monumentality of the temple complex, because Angkor Wat literally translates as Temple City. It covers an area of ​​200 hectares and is surrounded by a moat 190 meters wide. This colossal structure is dedicated to the god Vishnu, revered in this area.

7. Bayon Temple Complex, Siem Reap, Cambodia

Bayon is one of the most amazing temples located on the territory of Angkor Thom and was its religious center. The “highlight” of Bayon are the towers with many faces carved from stone, silently looking from above over the vast territory of Angkor Thom, and during the heyday of the state, over the entire Khmer Empire. Initially, there were 54 towers, which symbolized the 54 provinces under the rule of the king. Today, only about 37 towers remain.

8. Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ on the Blood, St. Petersburg, Russia

The Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, better known as the Church of the Savior on Blood, became the only Russian attraction on Trip Advisor's list. The Savior on Spilled Blood attracts tourists from all over the world not only with the splendor of its domes and interiors, but also with its unusual history, which has given rise to many legends and speculations. Many of them are related to the fact that the temple was erected on the spot where on March 1, 1881, the Narodnaya Volya member I. Grinevitsky mortally wounded Alexander II, who was popularly called the Tsar Liberator for the abolition of serfdom.

9. Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

10. Walls of the old city, Dubrovnik, Croatia

In 1979, UNESCO introduced Old city Dubrovnik to the list World Heritage, including a significant part of the ancient walls of the city. They surround the city on all four sides and house a venerable collection historical monuments, including towers, fortresses, churches, monasteries, squares and streets, schools, museums and galleries. Built for defensive purposes, these stone walls have protected its citizens since the founding of Dubrovnik in the 6th century.

11. Shwedagon Pagoda, Yangon, Myanmar

Shwedagon Pagoda is the tallest spiritual building in Myanmar, or, as it is also called, the Land of Pagodas. The entire complex of the giant pagoda occupies more than five hectares of land, on which, in addition to the main structure, there are many smaller spiers and countless sculptures of mythical and real animals : golden griffins and elephants, dragons and lions. The Shwedagon Pagoda became what it is today in the 15th century, during the reign of Queen Shinsobu. It was then that the gigantic temple was finally given the shape of an inverted begging bowl and sheathed in gold from top to bottom.

12. Lincoln Memorial and Reflecting Pool, Washington, DC

The Lincoln Memorial is a majestic temple made in the ancient Greek style and somewhat reminiscent of the Parthenon. It is supported by 36 white marble columns, representing the number of states that belonged to the United States at the time of President Lincoln's death. In the center of the temple is a statue of the world's most respected American president sitting in a chair. Its height is 5.79 meters.

13. Ancient City of Petra, Petra/Wadi Musa, Jordan

In the heart of Jordan, in the Wadi Musa valley, deep in the sandy mountains is located amazing city antiquity of Peter. Petra was originally a temporary refuge for the nomadic Nabatean tribes. From several fortified rock caves, it gradually grew into a large fortified city. There is only one way to get to the city - through the narrow Siq gorge, which was once the bed of a mountain stream. Petra still belongs to the Bedouins, who warmly welcome guests to their land.

14. Section of the Great Wall of China Mutianyu, Beijing, China

On no other section of the Great Chinese wall restoration work was not carried out as well as at the Mutianyu site. This site, with 22 watchtowers that have retained their original appearance, is a true architectural masterpiece. The phrase Mutianyu from Chinese is translated as “a valley in which you can admire the views of the fields.” Among all the sections of the Great Wall of China, Mutianyu is the longest fully restored section open to tourists.

15. Ancient city of Ephesus, Selcuk, Türkiye

The largest and best preserved ancient city on the shore Aegean Sea and second in importance after Pompeii in the Mediterranean, ancient Ephesus is the most visited attraction in Turkey. Legends connect the appearance of the city with the name of Androcles, the son of the ruler of Athens, Codra, who, on the advice of an oracle, arrived in these places to found the temple of Artemis. The city got its name from the Amazon Ephesia, Androcles' lover.

16. Alhambra, Spain

The Alhambra (Arabic: Al Hamra - literally "Red Castle") is an ancient palace and fortress of the Moorish rulers of the province of Granada in southern Spain. The castle occupies the top of a rocky plateau on the southeastern border of Granada. The name Alhambra probably comes from the color of the sun-dried clay or bricks from which the castle walls are made. However, some historians suggest that the name came from the “red flame of torches” that illuminated the many years of construction of the castle, which went on around the clock.

17. Australian War Memorial, Canberra, Australia

The Australian War Memorial is the main memorial dedicated to the memory of soldiers killed during the First and Second World Wars. Today it is considered one of the most significant monuments of its kind in the world. The memorial is located near the Parliament building, from the balcony of which a 360-degree panorama of the monument opens.

18. Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy

According to the chronicles, at the beginning of the 13th century, the inhabitants of the city-state of Siena, which acted as the main competitor and adversary of Florence, “called upon their leaders to build a temple more magnificent than that of their neighbors.” So, between 1215 and 1263, on the site of the old temple, the Duomo of Siena was founded according to the plan of the Gothic master Niccolò Pisano. Today this majestic temple is the main attraction of the city.

19. Milan Cathedral (Duomo), Milan, Italy

The most important place in Milan is the Cathedral of Santa Maria Nascente (Duomo), a pearl of Italian Gothic architecture, which was built from 1386 to the beginning of the 19th century. The third largest Catholic church on the planet can easily be considered one of the wonders of the world. Its hundred-meter spiers tower over the center of Milan, and the golden statue of the Madonna on the longest spire (four meters high) is visible from many parts of the city.

20. Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, ​​Spain

The Basilica of the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona is one of the most famous long-term construction projects in the world: its construction began almost 150 years ago and continues to this day. Although Antonio Gaudi initially had nothing to do with the construction of this temple, a year after the start of work he headed this project. Gaudi built the temple for 30 years until he died. The reason for such a long construction period is that the Sagrada Familia is built solely on donations from parishioners.

25. Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia

The Sydney Opera House is one of the most recognizable buildings in the world. Its architect was the Dane Jorn Utzon. Having designed the original roofs, somewhat reminiscent of shells, he gave Sydney a magnificent gift - a symbol of the city. Today, every tourist planning to visit Australia definitely includes an excursion to the majestic opera house in his travel itinerary.