Vehicle safety statistics. What type of transport is statistically the safest?

The higher the level of development of logistics, the greater the role in obtaining high-quality information about the problems of transport enterprises and assessing the results of their activities, the statistics of modes of transport play. Processing data by industry makes it possible to develop recommendations for reducing transportation costs, improving transport safety, and making cost forecasts for the further development of logistics systems.

Types of transport and principles for determining their safety

Statistics on modes of transport divide it into two groups. By service sector:

• public use;
• special purpose;
• personal use.

By environment of use:

• ground (wheeled and rail);
• underground (metro);
• air;
• space;
• water and underwater;
• pipeline

Each of the listed groups has its own subgroups. Most safe look transport statistics determines in three ways:

1. By mileage.
2. By number of trips.
3. Based on travel time.

Each agency pursues its own goals when choosing a method. Aviator statistics determine a safe mode of transport by mileage. The distances they fly are large, and tragedies happen mainly during takeoff or landing.

Automotive industries determine what is statistically the safest form of transportation based on the number of trips taken.

The most dangerous/safest vehicles in the world

The statistical method used by the American bureau DETR (Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions) is of interest. Their statistics determine dangerous modes of transport by the number of victims per 1 billion kilometers, the number of trips and the time spent. The table presents the research results:

What type of transport is the most dangerous according to statistics? As it turned out - a motorcycle. This type of transport is the leader in all positions. The second most dangerous type of transport statistics is given to the bicycle. In third place are minibuses.

What is the safest mode of transport according to statistics in the world? As usual, airplanes are in the lead. In terms of safety, aviation is ahead of all other means of transport. Today, only spaceships may turn out to be less dangerous, and even then, depending on how you count.

The security situation varies greatly by region. Disaster statistics for different types transport shows that ignoring safety measures inevitably leads to tragedies. Fatalities in low-income countries approach 80% of the global total. If one treats the observance of safety measures as in Bangladesh (in the picture), then it will never be possible to reduce it.

Transport safety rating in the Russian Federation

What is the safest mode of transport according to statistics in Russia? The indicators completely coincide in percentage terms with global figures. Despite the fact that 2016 was a record year for aircraft accidents, the plane is still considered a safe mode of transport. By comparison, 389 people were killed, while road wars claimed 20,308 lives.

According to statistics, the most dangerous type of transport in Russia is a motorcycle. Crashed motorcyclists on our roads account for 23% of the total number of deaths.

The remaining losses are distributed as follows:

• motor transport – 31%;
• pedestrians – 22%;
• cyclists – 5%;
• other traffic participants – 19%.

If we compare mortality in Russia with countries such as the USA, Great Britain or Italy, it turns out that the rates are 15–16 times higher. Rosstat considers dead those who died within a week after. In Europe, it is customary to include monthly deaths in mortality statistics. Consequently, the indicators in the Russian Federation may be even higher if the European methodology is used.

Federal State Institution "Research Center for Road Safety Problems" has revealed the negative dynamics of accidents involving public transport(buses and trolleybuses). The main cause of accidents is traffic violations.

• attempts to eliminate doubts about the reliability of the company and the poor quality of the internal security service;
• the desire to save on;
• desire to retain clients;
• the desire not to give an advantage to competitors.

It is difficult to find another way to preserve cargo and reputation other than investing additional funds in security measures. All participants agree on this. Which type of transport is the most dangerous can be understood based on the analysis of thefts. compiled a criminalization rating:

1. Automobile transport.
2. Railway.
3. Shipping.
4. Air transportation.

Statistics on modes of transport enable law enforcement agencies to improve their work in protecting cargo. Transport companies Thanks to statistics, they can minimize transportation risks and develop logistics. And travel agencies must be confident in the safety of tourist routes.

Harmful to health and life-threatening transport are not the same thing. We react more often to the word death than to health. And the media never tire of stating harsh figures about what kind of transport, when and under what circumstances people die. Has anyone ever thought about which transport carries the healthiest passengers? Let's try to figure it out.

1. the most dangerous type of transport is automobile;
2. water;
3. railway;
4. air transport.

Survey on the most dangerous types of transport among ordinary people

1. air transport;
2. water transport;
3. automobile;
4. railway.

Reasons for the differences between scientific approach and the opinion of the population Almost everyone knows the official statistics, but this does not affect the level of fear of this or that transport. Psychologists are sure that a person’s fear of airplanes is due to the fact that in the event of an accident at altitude, the person simply will not be able to get out of the plane. Water transport is in second place because it is also impossible to get off the ship at a convenient moment. A person does not think about the frequency of accidents, but about what he will do in the event of an accident. To determine the danger of transport, the number of dead people is counted. To determine the harmfulness of transport, the influence of environmental factors on humans is studied.

Harmful modes of transport

It should be noted that the harmfulness of transport for the passenger and the driver is different. Drivers suffer more because:

• constant tension and attention;
• working with instruments;
• inability to stretch when you want.

What affects human health in transport

• speed: speeds above 60 km/h place significant stress on the body;
• electromagnetic fields of vehicle electronics: electromagnetic field radiation in a subway car can be 1000 times higher than the electromagnetic background of the Earth;
• noise level;
• vibration level;
• human factor.

The most dangerous types of public transport

A survey of Kiev residents showed that the most dangerous type of land transport is minibuses.

• minibuses (drivers often violate traffic rules, are distracted while paying the fare, smell of gasoline and exhaust fumes);
• buses (smell of gasoline and exhaust fumes, traffic violations);
• trolleybuses (the creaking howling sounds that irritate Kiev residents the most);
• tram (according to Kiev residents, the safest form of public transport of all that exists in the city).

Unfortunately, Kiev residents were not asked about the metro. But most likely, it would have been placed in 4th place, retaining the tram's primacy. The metro is considered a harmless form of transport, but not during rush hour. Scientists cannot decide whether to include crowding of people in the harmfulness of transport, because this indicator is not constant. Disadvantages of the metro How harmful descent underground is is not a clear question, but the fact that vibration and noise in post-Soviet metro cars exceed the norm is a fact. Daily trips of more than 3 hours may cause hearing loss.

Given the large number of different vehicles, many specialists and experts, of course, want to know which ones are the safest. Statistics show that the safest mode of transport is an airplane.

Experts divide transport into 2 groups:

• By service sector:

1. Public options
2. Special forces
3. Private

• By environment of use:

1. Ground - this includes wheeled and rail versions
2. Underground - metro
3. Air
4. Space
5. Water and underwater
6. Pipeline

Passengers boarding an airplane often shudder at the thought of taking off and landing. However, official statistics are clear - airliners are quite safe from the point of view of movement.

The calculations are based on the number of victims per 100 million miles. According to the results of such calculations, the mortality rate in plane crashes is 0.6 people. You can die in a plane crash in 1 case in 8 million. If compared with other options traditionally considered safer, then this figure will turn out to be completely ridiculous. Thus, in accidents with mopeds and motorcycles, the statistics is 125 deaths per 1.5 billion km. Cyclists die on the roads in considerable numbers - 35 deaths per 1.5 billion km of travel. Even in the metro, more people die than in air transport - 25 cases per 1.5 billion km.

What ensures the safety of the airliner?

The reliability of aircraft, as experts note, is ensured by a certain number of factors. First of all, each aircraft undergoes a whole range of serious tests before flying. Moreover, it is inspected by both technicians and the captain of the ship, who must be personally confident in the excellent condition of the airliner he is accepting for flight.

Secondly, this is the work of security systems. Today, advanced systems are installed on airplanes, and even in quantities of several that can duplicate each other. Accordingly, if something happens to one of them, the other will be able to duplicate it. The plane can fly and land even with one faulty engine.

Thirdly, landing tactics change regularly. Previously, pilots practiced landing the plane softly, but now they advise doing it roughly, which improves the grip of the landing gear on the runway.

Is it possible to survive a plane crash?

Many people are afraid of the inability to survive a plane crash. But this is also a myth. Yes, in many cases the plane is destroyed. But the cases when passengers remained alive are quite numerous. This is due to the fact that all aircraft are designed by people who are well versed in aerodynamics and gravity. And it’s not so easy for an airplane to fall from a height of 10,000 km.

In the USA, for example, 500 aviation incidents occurred in 20 years. The number of deaths in these is about 5% of the total number of passengers on board the liner. Even in situations like these, when planes crash and break in half, passengers have a chance of surviving.

Choosing a safe place on the plane

Against the backdrop of determining the safety of a particular vehicle, many are, of course, interested in whether it is possible to find safe seats on board the aircraft. Back in 2007, statistics were published that clearly identified the quietest seats on the plane.

To compile statistics, the researchers took data published by the National Security Council of America over 30 years. They took as a basis the dependence of the number of victims on the place where the passengers were located. It turned out that 70% of the crash survivors were located in the section behind the edge of the aircraft's wing. Also, those sitting above the wing have a chance to survive in half the cases.

The part of the plane closer to the tail is in more advantageous position due to the fact that when falling, the plane mainly falls nose-first. This means that those sitting behind have a greater chance of salvation.

Statistics of the safest planes

• Airbus A340 - a total of 340 of these models were produced, which totaled 13.5 million flight hours, 5 accidents were recorded in which there were no casualties
• Airbus A330 - about 600 copies produced. The planes flew 14 million flight hours, and during this time only 1 accident occurred. A total of 8 examples were lost, killing 346 people.
• Boeing 747 - in aircraft of this brand there was 1 accident per 17.5 million flights. There are 941 vessels in operation. Over the years of use of such liners, 941 ships were lost, 51 were lost due to accidents in which 3,732 people died
• Boeing 737 – 3 tragedies have occurred since 1997

The safest plane on this moment considered a Boeing 777. There are 748 copies in the world. Over the years, this model has flown 20 million hours. During this time, 3 people died in two incidents. Only one ship was lost during this time.

So you shouldn’t be afraid of airplanes because of the high accident rate. Moreover, the crew also undergoes special training, has the necessary skills and is not very eager to die. In addition, an airplane is an opportunity to get to your destination quickly and completely safely.

The safest form of transport has not yet been found, so you should not naively assume that you are completely safe when traveling on it. When compiling statistics, the human factor and a series of absurd accidents are often not taken into account.

Of course, it is impossible to name the safest modes of transport unambiguously, but statistics indicate that the safest mode of transport is a train, and the most dangerous is a motorcycle or moped. Only one percent of the world's population rides motorcycles, but more than twenty percent of deaths occur on this type of transport. Motorcyclists are killed twenty-eight times more often than car drivers.

In second place among dangerous modes of transport is a regular bicycle. This means of transportation is also dangerous because children and teenagers die on it.

Next come the subways and ferries, which kill many people at once. The next two places are occupied by minibuses and cars, which a couple of years ago were considered the most dangerous types of transport. The fact is that the design of the machines has changed a lot, and the level of safety has increased.

In third place is the bus, which accounts for 0.5% of deaths per billion kilometers. Of course, these data are aggregated, since in Egypt bus accidents occur more often than in Russia.

Can the statement that an airplane is the safest form of transport be considered true? Probably far from fully due to a number of factors.

Flying by plane is much safer, since only 0.5% of deaths occur per one and a half billion kilometers. This takes into account not only disasters civil aviation, but also small aircraft helicopters.

It is worth clarifying that almost always all passengers and crew members die. When purchasing tickets for a flight and boarding a plane, passengers do not often think about where it is best and safest to sit down.

Experts, of course, are trying to determine the safest seats on the plane. These do not include the comfort seats located in the front, although they are located quite far from the engines.

The most dangerous places are considered to be in the middle of the aircraft cabin, since they are located above the wing of the aircraft. This leads to dire consequences when the fuel ignites, and there will be quite a lot of casualties.

Is it safe to fly on an airplane? Yes, if you find those very safe places in it. To minimize the risk of injury in a plane crash, you should choose seats near the emergency exit or at the rear of the plane. This is due to the fact that as a result of the panic that occurs in emergency situations, passengers run to the emergency exit. Those sitting next to him will not have to run across the entire cabin.

It is safe to sit at the back of the cabin, because the impact of the nose on the ground during a fall will cause vibrations that will not reach the tail of the aircraft. By the way, most often in the event of a disaster, it is the tail part of the airliner that falls off, allowing people to survive.

Thus, to the question of whether it is safe to fly on airplanes, we can answer that if all safety standards are observed, it is quite safe. However, if the airliner explodes at an altitude of several tens of kilometers, there will be no need to talk about the safety of passengers.

The most interesting thing is that all people in the world are terrified of flying, however, they easily get behind the wheel of a dangerous motorcycle.

Statistics for the safest mode of transport indicate that the bus ranks third dangerous place. It is worth noting that there are some differences between long-distance and intercity buses.

Buses that go far have soft and extremely comfortable seats. Bulk and heavy bags should not be kept with you; they are placed in the luggage compartment, so they will not injure the passenger if they fall on their head in an emergency.

In order to avoid unpleasant consequences as a result of an accident, you should follow some simple rules. Even the safest seats on a bus will not be able to save a person during an emergency if they are not wearing seat belts.

It is worth looking around in advance, choosing places closer to hatches or emergency exits. You should always keep documents, money and the most primitive first aid kit with you.

You don't need to occupy the front and back seats to feel safe. It is worth noting that in a head-on collision, the passengers who occupy the first four rows will suffer the most.

The safest place on the bus is in the middle. However, you need to understand where exactly it is located. If the place is located on the left near the window, then a blow from the side of the roadway is possible. It is worth sitting closer to the aisle, which will save you from a fatal blow that the person sitting next to you will take.

The safest seats on the bus long distance located in the very center. They are next to emergency exit or the middle door, provided the vehicle is large. Of course, these places are unlikely to save you if a bus is rammed by another vehicle, but in any other circumstances they will help you save your own life.

By the way, in case of a frontal impact the safest places will be from 13 to 18, and in case of a left impact – from third to seventh. In the event of an emergency with a blow from the right, those who occupy 10th and 22nd seats will definitely not die, and in a collision into the rear of the bus - 1st, 2nd, 21st, 22nd seats.

The question of which seats on the bus are the safest can be answered 100% by statistics. In this case, you need to clarify the type of bus and its range. In commuter scenarios, the safest place is where the person sits with their back to the driver or other passenger.

Many people in the world continue to worry about the question of which type of transport is the safest. It is worth clarifying that as a result of a huge number of surveys conducted around the world, it was found that the safest mode of transport is the train.

The most safe trains are considered vehicles that move on the rails of most American and European countries. Russian railways are not in last place in terms of safety and reliability, since the mortality rate on them is only 0.7% per one and a half billion kilometers.

What is the safest mode of transport Russians found out for themselves in the All-Russian survey; more than 70% of citizens of our country consider the train the most reliable transport. In this case, there is no separation between commuter trains and by trains that will take you to another city or even country.

The safety of this type of transport lies in the fact that it follows strictly on the rails. Dispatcher services ensure that trains do not collide, which significantly reduces the possibility of an accident.

The safest seats in a train carriage are those located in the middle of the train. These cars, as a rule, are more stable and safe than their tail or head counterparts. In a head-on collision, passengers in the first carriages have very little chance of surviving; they will be the first to derail.

If you are traveling on a long-distance train, you should choose the fifth or sixth compartment. It is necessary to clarify that when traveling on the top bunk, you need to choose it in the direction of the train. You should not leave any objects on the table in the compartment, because there is a possibility of injury.

According to statistics, the safest mode of transport in the world will be reliable if all conditions are met. This can only be done if it is possible to book a ticket with the right to choose a seat.

It would be best to choose a compartment close to the conductor, since it will be easier to get out of it. In the event of a fire or other problems in the carriages, you should not pull the stop valve on the bridge or in the tunnel, as this will complicate the evacuation of passengers.

The safest seats in a subway car

The safest form of transport in Russia is a train that travels on the ground, but the metro is only in seventh place in terms of injury rates.

Before boarding a subway car, you should write down or remember your phone number behind the glass in the cab. It is necessary in order to contact the station duty officers.

Most often, trains in the metro, according to transport safety statistics, are exposed to the threat of terrorist attacks. If an explosion has taken place, you should not leave the carriage, because there is a risk that the electrical wires in the tunnel are damaged.

It is necessary to choose seats in the middle carriages, because it is quite dangerous to be in the head section during an accident. Some experts clarify that it is a good idea to be in the tail car because of the possibility of quick evacuation from it.

The safest seats in a subway car are standing ones, since explosive devices are most often placed under the seats. It’s not a bad idea to be in a crowd, and the people around you will become a kind of human shield during an explosion.

Speaking about the safety of passengers during terrorist attacks, it is necessary to clarify that explosives are most often left in medium-sized carriages filled to capacity. For example, during the terrorist attacks in the Moscow metro, carriages number three and two were the most damaged.

During a terrorist attack, you need to lie on the floor and not touch metal parts in the carriage to avoid electric shock.

Statistics on the safety of modes of transport are compiled from surveys of the world's inhabitants in various surveys or questionnaires. It is worth remembering that these sad statistics are calculated as the number dead people on a certain section of the path.

Statistical data does not always coincide with people’s surveys, but you still need to believe stubborn statistics.

Many people believe that the most dangerous form of transport- This is a minibus. VTsIOM conducted a study according to which Russians consider planes, trains, buses and subways much safer than cars and minibuses. The maritime and river transport. Let's try to find out what the most dangerous type of transport threatens people with.

Motor transport

Cars have long been considered very dangerous to human health and life. Unpredictable roads and manual control of vehicles are factors that create great danger for road users. Self-confident car owners have the feeling that they are in control of the situation on the road. But this is just an illusion.

It often happens that accidents occur for reasons beyond the control of drivers. Mistakes are made by other road users. Technical malfunctions of cars and foreign objects on the road are also dangerous factors. While you are reading this article (3 minutes), there has been at least one road accident in the country. In states where aggressive driving is considered the norm, the situation on the road is much worse.

The most dangerous type of transport- automobile, as many experts believe. The danger threatens not only the specific driver, but also all other road users. About 35 thousand people die every year on Russian roads in car accidents.

Motorcycles and bicycles

Even more dire are the situations involving two-wheeled vehicles in the form of motorcycles, unicycles and scooters. Driving in this case requires specific skills. It is no less dangerous to ride a bicycle on the roads. Inexperienced cyclists ride without a helmet, which increases the risk of injury. The dangers of cycling as a mode of transport are often underestimated.

In reality, cycling enthusiasts often become involved in road accidents because they forget about the safety requirements highways. This is especially true for extreme skiing. In the USA, there are statistics reflecting the death of cyclists in the country: 700-900 people per year.

Aircraft

Air transport is considered less dangerous than road transport. However, airliner crashes always attract more attention than road accidents. Mourning is declared for those killed in plane crashes, since this happens simultaneously and immediately ends up in the media. But what society fails to realize is that, statistically, many more people die in car accidents. Therefore, the plane cannot be called the most dangerous type of transport.

Among air transport, private planes pose the main danger to human life. The quality of their management and service is questionable. Such aircraft are not very reliable in technical terms and are more dependent on the weather than airliners of carrier companies. Flights are dangerous in themselves, no one argues with that. However, the media exaggerate the degree of danger of aircraft. It is much safer to fly a significant distance than to cover the same number of kilometers by car.

It happens that planes crash, but this happens extremely rarely. In this case, all passengers die. The mortality rate in air transport is 0.6 people/160 million km. What are the risks for passengers when flying? The chance of crashing is one in a million flights. If we consider the risks, then it is worth noting that walking is also dangerous. A person who chooses his legs as the optimal mode of transport also takes risks: he can get sick, lose his way, trip, break his leg, become a victim of robbery, etc.

Some people are afraid of flying because they cannot control the situation during the flight. While driving a car, this problem does not arise. That's why ground transport It is often mistakenly considered safer, although many people die on the roads.

Public ground transportation

If we consider public transport, buses are the most common. They are convenient, versatile and easy to use. Modern buses handle any asphalt roads well. Disadvantages of this type of transport: frequent stops, low speed, environmental air pollution when driving, etc.

Among public transport, the minibus taxi stands out. This is the most dangerous form of transport today. Minibuses and minibuses move chaotically, blocking stops and ignoring traffic rules. Trying to save time, drivers forget about the safety of passengers. During rush hours people in minibus taxis ride standing. All this leads to the fact that minibuses become the initiators of accidents more often than other cars. The consequences of such accidents are very severe.

How dangerous are trains and ships?

A train moves much slower than an airplane. Therefore, it is considered more dangerous. There are many risk factors here: derailment, stop valve, sudden obstacle at a crossing, etc. The mortality rate on the railway is 0.9 people/160 million km.

The most dangerous mode of transport can be considered aquatic. Accidents, accidental collisions, storms, falls from the deck - these are common occurrences on the water. Mortality per water transport equal to 1.2 people/160 million km. Many people prefer to travel by train because they feel safer there. However, statistics show that accidents occur more often on the railway than in airspace. Therefore, if we compare railway, water and air Transport, then the last one will be the safest.

We assessed the degree of danger of the most popular modes of transport. It turns out that the most dangerous type of transport is cars.