The four-engine Boeing 747-400 is a wide-body, long-haul passenger aircraft built on a double-deck design by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. This airliner, although designed on the basis of previous models of this family, is structurally a new aircraft. The new airliner has become much more spacious than previous versions of the Boeing 747 family. Thanks to the new engines, the noise level of the production Boeing 747-400 has become half that of the 747-300, and fuel efficiency has increased by 25 percent.

Boeing 747-400 photo

In early 1984, Boeing Commercial Airplanes began work on a new aircraft, due to the fact that the latest modification of the 747-300 did not increase sales as the company wanted. And to top it all off was the problem of the development of competing airliners, such as McDonnell Douglas MD-11, Airbus A330 and Airbus A340, which in the future could take away part of the market from Boeing. And in September of the same year, at the Farnborough Aviation Show, the creation of a new airliner, the Boeing 747 Advanced Series 300, was announced. The program was officially launched on October 22, 1985. The first customer for the new airliner was the American airline Northwest Airlines, whose initial order was for the supply of 10 aircraft. Later, the list of main customers expanded to such airlines as Cathay Pacific, Japan Airlines, Singapore Airlines, British Airways, United Airlines, French Air France and German Lufthansa. The main customers also acted as consultants in the design of the new aircraft. After the project was approved, the aircraft received the designation Boeing 747-400.

The new aircraft had longer wings, the span of which was now 64.44 meters, which is 4.8 meters more than that of the 747-300. Now the wings of the Boeing 747-400 are equipped with wingtips, so-called winglets. When constructing the aircraft wing, composite materials were used, this had a positive effect on the weight of the structure. To increase the flight range, an additional fuel tank.

The basis of the Boeing 747-400 power plant was the new economical Pratt & Whitney PW-4056 turbojet engines with a thrust of 252.4 kN. Subsequent models also featured General Electric CF6-80-C2B1Fs, CF6-80-C2B1F1s engines and RollsRoyce RB-211-524G engines with a thrust of 258.0 kN.

On the Boeing 747-400, new digital avionics was installed, consisting of six multi-function displays and new avionics. This decision allowed the crew to be reduced to two people.

The upper deck has also been lengthened, now twice as long as on the original versions of the Boeing 747 family of airliners.

The Boeing 747-400, in three classes, can accommodate 416 passenger seats. In economy and business cabin configurations, 524 passengers can be accommodated. And in the maximum, economy class, the passenger capacity is 660 people.

The final assembly of the aircraft was carried out at the Boeing plant located in Everett. On January 26, 1988, when the plane rolled out of the assembly hangar, the company already had more than 100 orders for this plane.

And on April 29, 1988, a Boeing 747-400 took off. The first test flight lasted more than two hours. Four Boeing 747-400 aircraft, with different engines, took part in the tests. And on January 10, 1989, the airliner received its first FAA flight certificate. On January 26 of the same year, the Boeing 747-400 was handed over to the first customer, Northwest Airlines. The first flight on this aircraft was made from Minneapolis to Phoenix on February 9, 1989.

Boeing 747-400 interior photo

Further work on the Boeing 747-400 led to the creation of such modifications as:

    Boeing 747-400 F, a cargo version of the aircraft that first flew on May 4, 1993. This version is equipped with a nose cone that rises up, providing access to the cargo compartment.

    Boeing 747-400 M Combi, a combined cargo-passenger version of the aircraft. Its first flight was made on June 30, 1989. This version is equipped with a cargo hatch at the rear of the fuselage.

    Boeing 747-400 ER, an extended-range airliner. This aircraft was put into operation on October 31, 2002.

    Boeing 747-400 D, a version developed specifically for Japanese airlines, for operation on regional and local routes. The first flight of this version took place on March 18, 1991.

    Boeing 747-400 ERF, long-range air cargo version. The first aircraft of this version was delivered on October 17, 2002 to the French airline Air France.

In addition to civil and cargo variants, aircraft based on the Boeing 747-400 were also produced for military needs.

The Boeing 747-400 has become the best-selling aircraft of the entire 747 family. During its production period from 1988 to 2009, 694 units of this version of the airliner were produced. Of these, the basic 747-400 passenger variant, 442 aircraft were produced and delivered.

Technical characteristics of the Boeing 747-400 aircraft:

    Years of production: from 1988 to 2009

    Length: 70.67 m.

    Height: 19.41 m.

    Wingspan: 64.44 m.

    Cabin width: 6.1 m.

    Empty weight: 180985 kg.

    Maximum take-off weight: 362875 kg.

    Wing area: 541.2 sq.m.

    Cruising speed: 907 km/h.

    Maximum speed: 939 km/h.

    Ceiling: 13750 m.

    Flight range: 13430 km.

    Engines: 4 x Pratt & Whitney PW-4056 (252.4 kN), PW-4060s (266.9 kN), PW-4062s (275.8 kN), General Electric CF6-80-C2B1Fs (252.4 kN) turbofans ), CF6-80-C2B1F1s (273.6 kN), RollsRoyce RB-211-524G (258.0 kN).

    Crew: 2 people

    Quantity passenger seats: 660 seats in economy class

Boeing 747-400. Gallery.

The wide-body double-deck airliner of the Boeing Corporation was created at an impressive pace. In four years, the aircraft was designed and produced, and at the same time the pilots were trained. The year 1970 was marked by the launch of the first double-deck airliner, the Boeing 747, into commercial operation.

The transport company was founded in 1934 in Leningrad. After many years of work, in 2011 it was reorganized into OJSC Rossiya Airlines. The carrier has its head office in St. Petersburg, and its fleet is based in International airport"Pulkovo".

Commercial management of the company has been under Aeroflot since 2014. Russia Airlines is one of the ten best carrier companies of Eastern Europe, is one of the most punctual airlines in the country.

Since 2016, the company has opened bases in several Russian cities and expanded its network of routes. Rossiya is rapidly becoming number two after the parent company in the Aeroflot Group.

In the same year, Rossiya replenishes its aircraft fleet with nine Boeing 747-400ERs, previously owned by Transaero, updates the fleet livery, and establishes a tradition of naming aircraft after Russian cities.

Currently, flights are carried out on almost 100 domestic routes, the international geography is expanding, it has already reached one and a half dozen countries.

Airline from Northern capital became the official carrier of the Zenit football club.

This dynamic company increases passenger turnover every year and has excellent growth rates.

How to choose the best seats, interior layout

Boeing 747-400, company-owned Russia, it can accommodate 522 passengers on two decks (there are planes with 477 and 461 seats).

The pilot's cabin is located on the upper deck. It is followed by three rows of comfortable business class. The rows are more than one and a half meters apart, and the seats are arranged in a 2/2 pattern. The seats here are much wider, and LCD monitors are built into the backrests.

5 row. The seats are favorable, there is a screen in front, and there is plenty of legroom.

Behind the 9th row of the upper salon there is a toilet, and next to it there is a staircase leading to the lower deck. These areas may cause minor disturbances during the flight.

The lower deck seats 470 passengers and has 71 rows. The distance between the rows is 78 centimeters, and a monitor is built into each back of the chairs. Most of the interior is made according to the 3/4/3 scheme.

In the bow, rows 10, 11 and 12 have two seats on both sides of the aisle. Convenient to travel as a couple, these are the places increased comfort. Passengers with children can interfere with a smooth flight, since there are supports for baby strollers installed nearby.

19 row. Next to them there are emergency exits and the backs of seats A, F, E, L can be blocked, and the backs of the remaining seats will be limited in reclining.

Rows 20,21,22. There are toilets on both sides, which is not very pleasant. Airplanes of this class make long flights, and there are many people who want to visit the bathrooms. Immediately behind row 22 there is a wall, which presumably will prevent the seats from unfolding.

29 row. Seats A, L do not have folding seats due to emergency exits. There are toilets nearby.

In row 31 good places will become A, B, C. There is free space in front of them and you can stretch your legs, sitting more comfortably. The tables recline from the armrests - a minus of these places. The proximity of the stairs at place 31C is unfavorable.

Rows 32-33. Their place C is not far from the stairs.

In the rows behind which emergency exits and bathrooms are located (43, 54, 70, 71), the seat backs are limited in folding. You need to find out this fact when purchasing tickets by familiarizing yourself with the layout of the aircraft.

44.45 row can become great places for travel, a good space in front of them is favorable for rest. However, the proximity to bathrooms can spoil the flight.

Rows 67-70. Here, the outer seats near the windows are two at a time. Good location for passengers traveling in pairs.

Last row, 71. Seats in the rear are not comfortable, but some people need proximity to a bathroom.

Today, Russia is the only carrier that has aircraft of this brand. The planes operate charter services, and the lower deck is focused on tourist transport, tickets for these seats are sold at a reduced price.

When planning a trip, you need to remember that the Boeing 747-400 of the Russian company has different seating options. It’s worth finding out where it’s more convenient to sit, in what places best view from the window.

History, characteristics and modifications of the Boeing 747

At the end of the sixties, the development of a new Boeing airliner began; it was supposed to have the qualities declared by the potential customer Pan American:

  • Capacity for more passengers
  • Power that allows you to fly long, intercontinental distances
  • Large size (for capacity and load capacity)
  • Possibility of rapid conversion into a cargo aircraft

It was decided to abandon the arrangement of the upper cabin along the entire length of the aircraft, fearing a decrease in aerodynamic conditions. The cockpit is located upstairs. Pilots also had to learn to fly from a high cockpit level.

A new plant was specially built to assemble the giant machine. The costs of building the aircraft paid off later when the Boeing 747 gained popularity among carriers and travelers.

In the early seventies, when fuel prices were too high, some airline owners converted aircraft for cargo use. Nevertheless, the Boeing 747 flew, and new models appeared that could extend its life.

Thus, in the mid-2000s, a modification of the Boeing 747-400ER appeared, nine of which the Russian airline has in its fleet.

The Boeing 747-400 aircraft is an updated and modified model with improved characteristics. Externally, the B-747-400 is distinguished from its previous brothers by its vertical wing tips (not on all models). The crew is reduced to 2 people, thanks to electronic control. Noise and fuel efficiency are higher. Engines 4 pieces, turbofan.

Flight parameters of B-747-400

  • Crew – 2
  • Passenger capacity – 524
  • Aircraft length - 70.6 meters
  • Height – 19.4 meters
  • Wingspan - 64.4 meters
  • Fuselage coverage – 6.5 meters
  • Cabin width – 6.1 meters
  • Empty weight of the liner – 180800 kilograms
  • Maximum speed – 988 km/h
  • Range with full load – 14205 kilometers
  • Engines - CF6-80, 4 turbojet units

The double-deck Boeing 747-400 is gradually losing ground, inferior in efficiency and age to younger and more economical airliners. However, it has not yet fully exhausted its allotted resource, and is operated by many of the world's leading air carriers.

News

In 2018, a maintenance station for wide-body Boeing aircraft owned by Aeroflot Group will open in Belgium. Maintenance will be carried out by Volga-Dnepr Technics Moscow. In the future, it is planned to open several more line stations where it will be possible to repair and conduct technical inspections of Boeing 747 and Boeing 777 aircraft. The VDTM company founded such stations in the air harbors of Moscow (three main airports), Krasnodar and Krasnoyarsk. According to the management of the service company, a service station will soon open in Vladivostok.

Do you have a plane flight ahead of you? Do not know what are there airplane cabins? Then this selection is just what you need! In the article we will give salon diagrams common passenger aircraft.

Description of the TU-154m aircraft cabin

The figure shows a diagram of the TU-154m aircraft.

The TU-154m aircraft has 3 classes.

First grade- 8 seats.

Business Class- for 16 places.

Economy class- for 50 seats.

1. First class cabin with 8 seats
2. Front lobby
3. Toilet
4. Transformable sofa
5. Table
6. Swivel chair
7. Wardrobe
8. Corner sofa
9. Cabinet
10. Cabinet with audio-video equipment
12. Cabinet bar
13. Monitor
14. Curtain-blinds
15. Business class cabin
16. Buffet kitchen
17. Business class seats
18. Economy class
19. Economy class seats
20. Back wardrobe

Source: http://www.vipavia.ru

Boeing 747-400 aircraft cabin diagram

Description of seats on the Boeing 747-400

Upper deck

Business Class- rows 1 - 3. In the business class of the Boeing 747-400 there are only 12 seats.

Economy class- rows 5 - 9. The most best places economy class on a Boeing 747-400 on the 5th row.

Lower deck

On the lower deck is located tourist class.

Rows 10, 11, 12, seats A, B, H, K— in these rows there are two chairs. Flying in such seats as a couple is much more comfortable - you won’t have to experience discomfort and cause inconvenience to your neighbors. In addition, these seats will be convenient for passengers with small children, since there are mounts for baby strollers in the bow of the aircraft.

Rows 17, 18 and 19 seats E and F— two rows of two seats in the center, also extremely comfortable, especially row 17 because There will be no restrictions in front of you and you can stretch your legs very comfortably.

Row 19, seats A, B, C, H, K, L— this row is located next to the emergency exits and most likely will not be very comfortable because the seat backs here may not recline.

Rows 20 - 22, seats D, E, G on a Boeing 747-400 plane is not the best the best choice— they are surrounded on both sides by toilets.

Row 29- also not very good, because the backs of the seats in these seats do not recline in the side seats due to the location of emergency exits behind them, and the backs of the central seats simply rest against the wall of the toilet.

Row 31- comfortable due to the large free space for legs, but due to the fact that there is not another row of chairs in front of you, the tables are located in the armrests. Such tables are often very inconvenient due to their small size and general flimsiness of the structure. There are also several nuances associated with these places, for example, a hatch may bulge in front of place 31A emergency evacuation, and in close proximity to seats 31 - 34C there is a staircase to the upper deck.

Seat backs in rows 43, 54, 70, 71— do not recline due to the emergency exits located behind them.

In the ranks 44 and 45 you will feel comfortable, there is increased legroom here, however, the proximity of these seats to the toilet may cause some discomfort.

Side rows 67 — 70 They have 2 chairs each - this is convenient for people traveling in pairs.

In extreme 67-70 rows There are 2 instead of 3 chairs. In the last rows, the backrests of the seats may not recline, and do not forget about the proximity to the toilets.

Source: http://samolets.com

Boeing 737-400

Description of seats on the Boeing 737-400

Rows 1 - 2 Business Class.

First row— the chairs are located close to the partition, for this reason there is not much space for comfortable placement of the legs.

Seat backs second row- have restrictions for tilting them back. In addition, these seats are separated from the economy class by a thin partition, which is unlikely to serve as reliable protection from the sounds and noise coming from your neighbors from the economy class.

Beginning with 10th Economy class seats are located in a row.

Row 10, seats C and D- can be called one of the most comfortable in all economy and tourist salons. Since the partition separating business and economy classes is shorter than the width of the row, passengers sitting in aisle seats (C and D) can enjoy slightly increased legroom.

Row 10, seats A, B, E, F— But for passengers of the same row, seated in the seats near the window and in the center seats, the same partition will cause inconvenience.

Rows 14 to 16, seats A and F— There are no portholes in these places.

The aircraft are designed so that, if necessary, the rows of seats can move freely, be added or removed.

Row 17— the backs of the seats in this row do not recline. The reason is the emergency exits located behind this row.

Seats A and F may be slightly raised above the general floor level.

Row 18— the backs of the seats also do not recline, but the legroom is increased. The reason is the same emergency exits.

Row 19— the armrest on the porthole side is motionless, because firmly attached to the emergency door. In addition, the table for eating can be removable (not folding, as usual), and this is terribly inconvenient, because it is smaller than usual and very flimsy.

Row 19, seats B, C, D, E— The seats are very good - the backs of the chairs recline and there is a lot of legroom, but there may be problems with the table.

Row 31, seats C and D— Located in close proximity to the toilet.

Row 32- And finally, one more row with not the best seats. The seat backs do not recline. Otherwise, all the same disadvantages as in the previous row.

The 747-400 began production in 1988. It was immediately adopted by many Western airlines around the world. This is a large, double-deck liner designed for more than 500 passengers.

It can be used on long-haul, intercontinental flights, as well as on destinations in high demand.

Characteristics

  • Length– 70.6 meters.
  • Wingspan– 64.4 meters.
  • Maximum capacity – 624 places.
  • Maximum flight range – 14,200 meters.
  • Cruising speed – 917 km/h.
  • Maximum height – 13.1 kilometers.
  • Empty weight – 184,570 kilograms.
  • Maximum take-off weight – 412,775 kilograms.
  • Takeoff run– 3090 meters.
  • Fuel reserve– 241,140 liters.

Boeing 747-400 of Rossiya Airlines

This is the most large airliner on the staff of Rossiya Airlines. As we wrote above, it has two decks. The cockpit is located on the top. This air carrier practices 3 seating arrangements in the cabin. 1 and 2 are very similar. The difference is only 2 chairs on the upper deck. But scheme 3 is very different from the first two.

The company uses 3 types of seats on this plane .

Business Class

They have an extended gap between the seats. Have more comfortable spot, having the ability to unfold 160-180 degrees, with a foot pillow. The passenger can take a horizontal position. This also includes drinks and internet access.

Economy class

The distance between the backs here ranges from 74 to 91 centimeters. The backs of the seats recline, but not more than 60 degrees. Each chair has a folding table and a pocket for things.

Space+

These are economy class seats, but with improved characteristics - increased distance between rows. Accordingly, they are more expensive than usual. They can be located in a separate unit in the cabin. They are also considered the most comfortable seats in the general economy class cabin.

1/2 interior diagram

The upper deck has 12 Economy Class seats, plus 27/29 Space+ seats. This is a separate, very cozy VIP compartment, with dedicated household amenities and attentive attitude of flight attendants. Of course, you will have to pay higher than the standard price for this. The salon even has 2 emergency exits.

The lower deck accommodates 483 economy class seats. Of these, 39 have Space+ status. All seats in this salon are divided into three rows. Central, consisting of 4 chairs and two side, consisting of 3 chairs each.

There are 10 emergency exits in the cabin, 5 on each side, and 11 toilet rooms.

Comfortable seats in the cabin

Space+ level chairs can be considered as such, since they are more expensive and more comfortable due to the increased distance between the chairs. But it's not that simple. A long distance is comfortable for the legs, but it is completely inconvenient when the plane is descending. Instinctively, we look for support in front and if the pilots make unsuccessful maneuvers, you may end up on the floor. (Don't forget to fasten your seat belts!)

Therefore, tickets for Space+ seats are not sold:

  • pregnant women;
  • children under 18 years of age;
  • disabled people
  • passengers with a baby bassinet.

Besides places "increased comfort" The seats at the very beginning of the bow of the liner can be called comfortable. 16 seats are arranged 2 in a row, which is very convenient for those traveling together. If you don't mind flying in the tail section, you can also find double occupancy there.

The side parts of the huge salon are occupied by 3 seats in one row, which is perfect for a group of 3 people or a family with a child.

Uncomfortable seats in the cabin

If you are flying alone, then you will feel uncomfortable in seats marked B, E, F, K. Due to the fact that they are surrounded by other seats. If you are flying together, try not to take seats E, F - in the center of the cabin and A, B, K, L - by the windows. Otherwise you will have to ask your neighbors to let you out.

Many people do not like to fly by plane because of the crowded conditions. Since the distance between the chairs is no more than 90 centimeters, those around you fall into your personal space. From this point of view, almost all economy class passengers are in uncomfortable conditions.

Traditionally inconvenient places chairs near the toilet are considered. As well as chairs with their backs facing emergency exits– they do not unfold completely according to safety requirements.

3 scheme

The upper deck with this seating arrangement consists of 26 business class seats.

The bow part of the lower deck is also occupied by a compartment of 12 business class seats. The remaining 411 seats are occupied by economy class. Unlike previous schemes, there are only 12 Space+ luxury seats. Otherwise, the layout of this salon is no different from the previous one.

If you want to choose the most comfortable seat in the cabin, take care of this a day before your flight. Complete online registration and reserve your favorite seats.

Pleasant flight!

Boeing 747-400 – long-range wide-body four-engine jet airliner. The most common modification. The main difference from other 747 models is the wingtips. Depending on the modification, the aircraft can carry up to 624 passengers and have a range of up to 14,200 km.

The last Boeing 747-400 produced was delivered to the customer in December 2009.

History of the Boeing 747-400

Introduced in 1970, the Boeing 747 was a huge success with both airlines and passengers. As the world's first wide-body airliner, the Boeing 747 revolutionized air travel and gave the company a dominant position in manufacturing and design. passenger airliners. In 1980, Boeing introduced the new Boeing 747-300, the largest variant with increased passenger capacity at the time. This was achieved due to the extended upper deck, which was offered as an option for the Boeing 747-200 and became a standard solution in the new model. The upper deck became twice as long as on the first Boeing 747. However, in addition to increased capacity, the Boeing 747-300 was not a step forward either in flight range, or in the technological equipment of the cockpit, or in production technology. At the same time, the aircraft became increasingly expensive to operate, in large part due to outdated control systems, a crew of three and rising fuel prices.

At that time, the total number of orders for variants 747-100, −200 and −300 (collectively referred to as “classic”) reached 700 units, but the dynamics of new orders decreased noticeably. The appearance of the 747-300 modification did not slow down the decline in interest in this model. Fearing further increased competition from competitors preparing to produce more modern aircraft (MD-11, and A340), Boeing was forced to begin a more serious modernization of its largest passenger plane in the world.

In early 1984, the company identified five main areas for upgrading the Boeing 747: new technologies, an improved cabin, an increase in range by approximately 2,000 km, more fuel-efficient engines and a 10% reduction in operating costs. In September 1984, at the Farnborough Air Show, Boeing announced the start of work on the latest modification of the 747 model, called the Advanced Series 300.

Video Boeing 747-400: Recording of the takeoff of a Boeing 747-400 of Transaero Airlines at Domodedovo Airport

Boeing 747-400 design

Seven customers - British Airways, Cathay Pacific, KLM, Lufthansa, Northwest, Qantas and Singapore Airlines - formed an advisory group to participate in the design process for the new aircraft. Despite plans to introduce new technologies, Boeing initially wanted to limit itself to minimal design changes to reduce development costs and maintain consistency with existing models. However, the advisory group pushed for more radical changes, particularly a "glass cockpit" with two pilots. The result was a compromise that combined computer systems and displays borrowed from the 757 and 767 projects, and systems (for example, autopilot) carried over from previous modifications.

Compared to the 747-300, the Boeing 747-400 received a wing extended by 1.8 m, winglets and a “glass” cockpit, which made it possible to eliminate the need for a flight engineer. The 747-400, unlike the −300 version, has a 12,000 liter fuel tank in the horizontal stabilizer, more efficient engines with a larger thrust reserve, a completely new interior, improved aerodynamics of the fuselage and wings and an updated entertainment system for passengers.

The rollout of the first Boeing 747-400 took place on January 26, 1988. By that time, the company had received more than 100 orders for the new model. First flight new car took place on April 29, 1988.

Boeing 747-400 variants

There are several modifications of version -400

  • Boeing 747-400 – basic passenger version
  • 747-400F - cargo version. 126 units were produced.
  • The 747-400M is a convertible aircraft with a large cargo hatch at the rear of the fuselage. Operated by KLM airline.
  • 747-400D (Domestic) - an aircraft with an increased to 568 passenger seats and a reduced flight range, created for regional transportation. Operated by Japanese Airlines.
  • 747-400ER (Extended Range) is a long-haul airliner with a range increased by 805 kilometers. Operated by Quantas airline on long-haul flights.
  • 747-400ERF – long-haul cargo variant.

Boeing 747-400 diagram