Geography of tourism for the purpose of recreation and entertainment. Types of tourism: sports, treatment, education

This type includes short-term or long-term rest for the purpose of physical or psychological recovery of the body. The duration of the tour does not matter. In addition, this group includes resort holidays, in which the natural properties of the territory are used for treatment or recuperation.

Tourism for the purpose of acquaintance with culture

Tourism focused on understanding another culture is divided into educational and pilgrimage. Educational tourism covers visits to historical, cultural or geographical attractions. Tourists, who come for educational purposes, are most often interested in the socio-economic state, lifestyle, traditions, folklore local population. The purpose of pilgrimage tourism is to visit places of religious significance.

Public trips include trips for the purpose of visiting relatives, acquaintances, friends (visiting friends and relatives - VFR), as well as club tourism. The peculiarity of this type of tourism is that the traveler consciously integrates into the group if there is a social, entertainment or sports program that is interesting to him.

If we take into account modern approaches to determining the subjects of activity in tourism, then this division should be supplemented by the department of nostalgic (family) tourism - a form of organizing trips for people connected by family relations. It is of particular importance for countries where part of the population lives or has lived abroad. Experts trace certain changes in this type of tourism. If previously our main focus was traveling to visit relatives or the place of birth, then over time, direct relatives are replaced by subsequent generations, family ties are lost, and most often the motive for travel becomes to get acquainted with the homeland of our ancestors. This changes the nature of demand, in particular, the demand for accommodation in hotels increases, rather than with relatives, and the requirements for the stay program are changing.

Sports tourism implies travel for the purpose of actively participating in sporting events or passively (as fans) or persons wishing to join a prestigious, outstanding event in sports

Economic (business) tourism - travel carried out for professional and commercial interests: visiting stock exchanges, fairs, exhibitions, conferences, conventions, etc. with the aim of performing professional or military service tasks. Traveling for business purposes is considered one of the most important components of modern tourist exchange. The development of business tourism is primarily associated with the internationalization of business. Di catching trips are extremely important for a travel agency from an economic point of view, since they do not depend on seasonal factors. Their number, on the contrary, decreases somewhat at the height of the tourist season. International business tourism includes trips of delegations or individuals to participate in international negotiations, parades, holidays, coronations, and inauguration ceremonies of heads of state. But employees of embassies and consulates, trade missions and other organizations working abroad are not considered tourists.

A type of business tourism are trips as part of specialized groups according to professions, the demand for which is in last years constantly growing. In nature, they are close to educational, but a special program for the identification of various objects and enterprises, as well as the homogeneous professional composition of the group, determine the advisability of identifying such trips as a separate type of tourism.

Political tourism is divided into diplomatic tourism, participation in congresses, as well as tourism associated with political events and activities, for example, a trip with the desire to attend or witness the flight of political figures or leaders of different powers.

Educational tourism - travel for the purpose of obtaining or improving knowledge, common ones - for learning a foreign language by the method of "immersion" and direct communication with native speakers

Exotic tourism is associated with the desire to see, know and feel something somewhat unusual, not inherent in everyday life - climatic conditions, unusual flora and fauna, cuisine of different nations, architecture, national customs, etc.

Ecotourism has become widespread in our time. Nowadays, events promoting environmental tours (for example, how to relax and spend time in nature without harming it) are increasingly being held. In international practice, there is such a thing as a “blue flag.” This sign is assigned to environmentally friendly areas. Naturally, tourists prefer to relax in places where nothing threatens their health.

In tourism activities, specialized tourism, timeshare and alternative tourism are also distinguished.

Specialized tourism is tourism that is carried out for the purpose of studying the specific features of a particular place, acquiring individual experience, fulfilling sports standards, active recreation, etc. In domestic practice, this is usually amateur and sports tourism; in international practice, the following types are distinguished: adventure ( “soft” and “hard”), ecotourism, ethnic (nostalgic) rural (green), farm tourism and imperial tourism etc.

Timeshare is a type of tourism that is carried out through long-term collective rental of a plot of land (with real estate) for recreation

Alternative tourism is a special type of tourism, the essence of which lies in the combination of classic and non-standard recreation. For example, a combination of cognitive and extreme species tourism

Satisfying the needs of various types of vacationers and, accordingly, the demand for tourism services and tours in various forms and types of tourism requires managing supply in the market tourism services and the basis is based on mastery of management techniques for various parts of the tourism object.

Test questions and assignments

1. What is the importance of tourism classification in the professional activity of a manager?

2. By what criteria are forms of tourism distinguished?

4. By what criteria are types of tourism distinguished?

5. Which type of tourism do you consider the most difficult in the work of a tourism manager?

Today, the development of tourism is gaining momentum more and more rapidly. This is greatly facilitated by the development of transport infrastructure, nationwide globalization, and the development of social relations. More and more unusual and interesting views tourism, capable of presenting a lot of new knowledge and impressions to travel participants.

It is believed that the term “tourism” was invented by the wonderful writer Mark Twain, combining the words “tour” (in French - “travel”) and “adventurism”. Today there are a huge number of different types of recreation.

The main goals of modern tourism are educational, recreational, and entertainment. People go on vacation to have a wonderful rest and improve their health in health resorts. Going to sporting events honeymoon trips, business trips. There is something for everyone in the countless travel industry destinations.

Excursion tourism

The name clearly indicates that recreation is directly related to educational goals. Today this is one of the most common types of tourism. Accompanied by experienced guides, you can walk through a number of interesting cultural sites, listen to fascinating lectures, becoming more erudite and savvy. The most popular tours Russians have tours to Germany, the Czech Republic and Eastern European countries.

Recreational tourism

As a rule, this is a trip that allows you to combine business with pleasure - good vacation and treatment in one bottle. This type of tourism is also very common in the world. In a number of countries it is an independent economic sector and exists along with other types of tourism. A striking example is holidays in the sanatoriums of the Crimea and the Caucasus, famous for their famous health resorts.

Guests are offered a range of procedures aimed at improving their health. This massage rooms, gyms, therapeutic exercises, soy, mud and mineral baths. Swimming in all kinds of springs. All these procedures have excellent health benefits healing effect and allow you to improve your physical condition.

Business tourism

Business tourism is a kind of travel that is primarily related to the performance of duties in a particular field of activity. This could be visiting branches, partner companies, conducting business negotiations, presentations. There is an unwritten rule that the host organizes a cultural and entertainment program for guests. A unique opportunity to spend time on a business trip with additional benefit by touching the culture of another country or city.

Sports tourism

Tours to participate in all kinds of sports competitions. In this case, the services of travel agencies are used by team managers or ordinary fans. The most interesting and popular events are the Olympic Games, world and European football championships.

Target tourism

Targeted tourism is activities whose purpose is to attend various public events. For example, we can recall the world famous carnivals in Brazil.

Extreme tourism

Extreme tourism involves significant physical activity and even some dangers. I remember the movie “Now I will live in incredibly wild conditions.” In this case, there may be travel to the jungles of Thailand or Cambodia to undergo a survival school created by nature itself. These types of tourism are very popular now in Europe.

VIP tourism

VIP tourism includes visiting the most expensive resorts, for example Courchevel, Baden-Baden, GOA or the Kingdom of Monaco. Such tours, as a rule, include the most expensive services, for example, renting yachts and cars. High service, top-class food, and accommodation in luxury hotels are provided.

Water tourism

Water tourism - an excursion on a motor ship, yacht and other equally attractive vessels. This branch of tourism, of course, includes diving, water skiing, swimming in the open sea, swimming with various types animals, much more. In my opinion, one of the most romantic and enjoyable types of vacation.

Ski tourism

Ecological tourism

Ecotourism is a trip to ecologically clean places where almost no human has ever set foot. Study of flora and fauna, cultural attractions related to the preservation and improvement of the ecological environment. And just the joy of communicating with pristine nature!

Wedding tourism

Wedding tourism is the most beautiful, romantic type of tourism. Created, of course, for newlyweds who want to spend a stunning honeymoon in a warm, welcoming country, with an abundance of sea, sun, wonderful nature, and amazing cultural attractions!

Mountain tourism

Mountain tourism is one of the most famous types of tourism. Mountain tourism - walking routes, difficult overcoming passes, steep slopes, rocky areas, mountain rivers and glaciers. There are routes of varying complexity and preparation, where both experienced climbers and people without specialized training can participate. Mountains are, in essence, overcoming oneself, repeatedly strengthening one’s character, cultivating courage and spiritual strength.

Rural tourism

Rural tourism is becoming a very popular type of tourism in Europe and America. It is also called agricultural. With this type of vacation, the tourist goes to the countryside, lives in a wooden house, and, if desired, even takes part in agricultural work. Tobish plunges headlong into the magic of simple, unpretentious rural life.

This type of recreation attracts mainly Europeans due to its proximity to pure nature, familiarity with peasant life, and eating organic products. It’s wonderful to spend the summer with your family in the village, engage in active recreation, in the fresh air, visit a real village bathhouse, eat fresh vegetables straight from the garden and fresh milk. Life here flows slowly and measuredly, but every day in the lap of nature is especially unique and beautiful in its own way.

Marine tourism

Carried out on regular passenger sea liners or specialized. As a rule, the route is chosen in such a way that the ship periodically enters interesting ports different cities where exciting excursions and... The best conditions are usually provided on board ships.

Ski tourism

Ski tourism is one of the most common types sports tourism. Involves passing routes and trails of varying degrees of difficulty. This route also includes ski slopes on specialized slopes. Of course, these types of tourism require appropriate high-quality equipment and significant physical training.

Ethnic tourism

It is more typical for older people who want to walk through places where they previously lived or were simply happy to visit again. It allows you to see not only local attractions, but also all kinds of memorable places, cemeteries, etc. These types of tourism are also called nostalgic.

Walking through the places of your childhood, remembering the affairs of bygone days, you can rethink a lot, learn about yourself and your ancestors in a new, hitherto unknown way. Such memories are the most beautiful and give a lot of warmth. You understand that your father’s house, which you once left, always remembered and missed you, and now, having waited for the moment, it welcomes you again, opening its arms. He also cordially invites you to come in, look at old photographs, and walk through the attic that was once so close and dear. You can clearly feel that time has no power over such feelings as love, joy, wonderful joyful moments in life. They are undeniably eternal.

Pilgrimage tourism

It is a type of religious tourism. Pilgrimage trips committed by believers of various faiths. These are travel to Holy places, visiting churches, monasteries, Holy places. A good example there will be a wonderful visit historical monasteries cities of Moscow and Moscow region.

Adventure tourism

Directly related to exciting trips to exotic and unusual places our planet to all kinds of nature reserves and reservations. Such tours often use an unusual type of transport. The most popular types of such tourism are safari tours and yacht trips.

Children's tourism

It offers various children's recreation programs that are designed to develop children's horizons, improve their health and reveal all kinds of talents. Ultimately, such tours are aimed at developing the younger generation.

Various children's camps are widespread in the Russian Federation, offering all kinds of thematic programs for children. These camps can be subordinated to one program: tent camps, where they teach the elements of tourism, archaeological camps, where children are engaged in excavations of sites of primitive people, sports camps, equestrian camps. Particularly notable among them are children's recreation centers abroad, offering a language program and immersion in a new culture.

Camps are usually located in the south, in warm countries. Such children's camps have a rich excursion and tourism program, allow you to spend a lot of time with peers, develop foreign languages, and make many good friends.

Traveling a lot around the world, a person gradually comes to understand that all roads, in fact, return to ourselves. It is a long journey through millions of kilometers, but it inevitably leads to its nature. You can travel all over the world, and only after going through a lot in life, you will feel that true happiness is always so close to us, closer than we always thought.

Types of tours

Types of tourism and tours, tourism theory

Extreme recreation captivates with emotions. Of course, because of them you will have to leave your comfort zone, but it’s worth going through the legendary trekking, running a challenging marathon, fording a ford on a motorcycle or descending into the crater of a volcano - and with delight you will forget about all the difficulties. See a selection of ideas for active extreme recreation, after which your life will not be the same

People going on a hike have different goals: some go to take a short weekend walk with camping equipment, eat food cooked over a fire and sing songs with a guitar, while others go to complete a difficult and multi-day route in mountains or by water, requiring serious preparation and expensive equipment. Hiking trips are very

Any profession is a type of work activity that requires a person to have certain knowledge and work skills. This knowledge and skills are acquired through general or special education and during the daily practical activities of the employee. Until (the end of the 60s) work as a guide was not professional, it was

Junket tours were invented specifically so that gamblers could play in real casinos and not waste time on such boring activities as booking and buying tickets, finding a hotel, etc. The tour operator will do all this for them. Typically, the list of services provided to junket tour participants free of charge includes air travel, transfers, accommodation in

Translated from English, team building, or as it is also called team building, means team building. This term is very often used for a wide range of activities with the aim of improving team performance. The idea of team work methods was borrowed from athletes and began to be actively introduced into practice in the 60-70s of the twentieth century. So what does psychological tourism include? Today, psychological tourism is a specially developed technology for restoring and supporting human mental health in modern conditions. It is well known that the human nervous system and his body as a whole are overworked not so much by physical and mental work, but by In the modern situation, the place of work and home are in most cases separated. Often, children are cut off from family concerns, from the work and moral traditions of the family, which leads to a loss of spiritual closeness between children and parents, a disruption of the main line of communication within the family - “older generation-parents-children.” Children, as a rule, do not have a pattern of active work. There are high, middle and low seasons. The high season is characterized by conditions for the most complete use by tourists tourism resources. By all indications, residents of countries with relatively cold winters tend to desire to relax in the summer and mainly in tourist centers with a warmer climate. Mediterranean resorts have a seasonal peak in tourism. Some of the best sailors of antiquity were the Phoenicians (the state of Phenicia was located in the Eastern Mediterranean and had numerous trade and economic ties with other states). The Phoenicians built large, durable ships that were leaders in the waters for a long time Mediterranean Sea for its seaworthiness. Overland trade routes inside For many, tourism and travel have long become not just a hobby and a way to escape, but the whole meaning of life. And to such people regular tours with a vacation on the beach or a route to remarkable places are no longer interesting. Give them something special and unusual. And tour operators, of course, know about this. Therefore, they are trying to come up with and think through holidays for the most experienced. It may well be that you do not yet know all the types active rest at one time or another. For example, in winter, how many types of skiing activities do you know? Do you think there is only snowboarding? Discover the mountain or cross-country skiing! If you have little skiing experience or no natural conditions for skiing, you will probably enjoy regular ski trips. They do not require any special ones. As you can see, railway tourism is in great demand among all segments of the population. But only wealthy tourists can afford to go on vacation in a hotel on wheels. Almost all trains and all carriages in Russia belong to the huge railway monopolist - JSC Russian Railways. However, anyone can call and order a carriage or even Tourism in the world manifests itself in various forms and relationships, which creates the need for its classification - highlighting some typical, unique features. To make the classification of tourism more complete, the World Tourism Organization proposes to classify tourism into the following types: domestic tourism - travel of residents of a region within this region; inbound tourism

In recent years, a new direction of tourism has been gaining momentum in Russia - ecological tourism. Someone gets bored beach tourism, someone just wants to breathe in the fresh rural air, someone just wants to wake up in the morning to the crow of a rooster, go fishing, try organic vegetables picked straight from the garden. Most often, this craving for ecotourism occurs among residents of megacities

Here's a typical example - a virtual tour of the Crimean Bakhchisarai (planetakrim.com). What do we see here? Everything is the same as on a regular website, with the only difference being that its pages describe the history of certain geographical places with several color photographs attached. “Old Bakhchisaray is located at the foot of steep weathered cliffs in the valley. Tourism is always associated with movement. It provides a change of scenery, a change in the usual way of life. Clean air and active recreation promote physical health. Psychological relaxation sets in, since there are no irritating factors of the industrial and urban environment (noise, tension of the work regime, the hustle and bustle of city life, etc.) Starting your own business - this idea has never occurred to anyone, drawing many into the abyss of entrepreneurship in the hope of creating something that which can bring profit. The idea that you are your own boss has encouraged many to open their own business. However, while the opportunities are great, so is the risk. It is estimated that within the first five years, entrepreneurship ends in failure for everyone. Tourism is a phenomenon known to everyone. At all times, our planet has been crossed by numerous travelers and pioneers. But only recently tourism has emerged as a specific form of human activity that must be managed.And this is a complex and multifaceted process, which is based on science and art. Taking this into account, the content of this educational Pedestrian tourist routes are represented everywhere. Such trips include visits and inspection of historical, cultural or natural objects. Ski resorts in Russia offer tours that attract tourists with a variety of mountain landscapes, steep slopes, raging mountain rivers and waterfalls. Usually on ski resorts There are trails of any category

Excursion (educational) tourism is one of the varieties tourism industry, traveling to get acquainted with historical and cultural monuments, natural attractions, museums, theaters, and traditions of peoples in a certain territory. Accordingly, internal sightseeing tourism- This is one of the types of tourism industry

In most countries of the world coastline The sea legally belongs to the state or monarch. Typically, they transfer management rights to local municipalities, which provide beaches for public use, including hotels. Examples of such states are Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Russia, Thailand, etc. Tourist infrastructure should be understood as a set of general conditions for the production of a tourism product. When revealing the content of the concept “general conditions of production”, the opinions of specialists differ. Some imply types of activities or objects that provide the main technological process, others - the entire technological process, and still others - technological. The hunting regions of Russia can be divided into several groups. The first includes the northwestern lands Leningrad region, to the second - the center of the European part, and to the third - the Baikal region and Transbaikalia, the Volga region and the Urals, Western Siberia And Far East. In each of these regions, hunting has its own specificity and focus. Exotic tourism is often also called adventure tourism. Recently, travel to areas quite remote from civilization has become increasingly popular, and most often such trips are associated with non-traditional means of transport or active modes of transportation. Exotic tourism requires certain physical preparation

Alcotourism (alcohol tourism, drunken tourism) is a trip to any geographical area with the main goal of drinking traditional alcoholic beverages. While exploring new countries, we will return to history, architecture, be sure to get acquainted with religious rituals and devote a lot of time to tasting national cuisine and savoring local alcoholic traditions. National

Thus, among the most attractive regions in terms of the development of autotourism, we can highlight The Gulf of Finland, Karelia, central regions, southern regions, Ural and Altai. In recent years, due to the mass motorization of the country, camping is becoming increasingly common. The number of cars per capita in our country is growing incredibly

Geotourism is a type of tourism that characterizes the return to the unique culture and original history of vacation spots for mass tourists. At the First World Conference on Geotourism in Perth (Australia), where Ukraine was represented among other countries (there were only 4 countries from Europe), it was stated that geotourism strives not to cause damage environment and calls

A wedding tour usually means a trip to a honeymoon; it can also be a wedding abroad combined with a honeymoon. Previously, wedding ceremonies were in most cases held in the homeland of the newlyweds. Today, such a ceremony can be held without any problems in any corner of our planet, wherever the newlyweds wish. So touristy

Film tourism is popular abroad. According to research by the tourism company Welcome, every fifth tour is taken to see the filming locations of popular films. In Russia, film tourism is not yet developed and travel agencies are this moment time, they do not pay much attention to this type of tours. For Russia, this type of tourism is a relatively new phenomenon.

In general, military tourism can be called a new direction of the tourism business in Russia, which has already become one of the most promising. Interest in the military past of our country has always been very great, since the entire history of Russia is inextricably linked with confrontation with external enemies. From generation to generation, Russians have been fostered with a sense of patriotism and love for their
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Tourism V modern world manifests itself in various phenomena, connections and relationships, this determines the need for its classification, that is, grouping according to individual homogeneous characteristics, depending on certain practical goals.

There are a large number of approaches to the classification of tourism. They differ in the principles of construction, applied tasks and even the very understanding of the essence of tourism.

The most significant from a practical point of view basis for the classification of tourism is its division into categories, types, types.

Tourism, depending on the components of services and services to categories of the population, is divided into domestic and international.

Domestic tourism is the temporary departure of citizens of a particular country from their permanent place of residence within the national borders of the same country for recreation, satisfaction of educational interests, sports and other tourist purposes. Internal trismus does not represent a separate sphere, but is connected with all other sectors of national life.

International tourism is a systematized and targeted activity of tourism enterprises related to the provision of tourism services and tourism products foreign tourists on the territory of a certain state (inbound tourism) and the provision of tourism services and tourism products abroad (outbound tourism). Truism in many countries is an activity that is under the close attention of the state as an economically advantageous and profitable industry.

There is also the concept of national tourism - a combination in the field of domestic and outbound tourism, i.e. serving tourists from among the residents of their state.

According to the method of organization, planned and amateur tourism are distinguished

Planned tourism- any types of tourism developed and regulated by tourism organizers - tour operators. Planned tourism is regulated by the state through laws and regulations. It forms the basis of the mass tourism industry.

Amateur tourism- a specific type of public tourism activity carried out on a voluntary (amateur) basis. It is based on the activities of voluntary tourist associations, unions and tourist clubs, which issue their own regulations regulating tourist activities, conduct hikes, tourist rallies and competitions. Amateur tourism has a programmatic and regulatory framework that determines the directions, nature, content of tourist social practice, requirements for mastering tourism skills.

The identification of individual types of tourism is primarily determined by the purpose of travel. In accordance with this feature, it is advisable to distinguish the following types of tourism. Recreational tourism is the most widespread and is carried out for the purpose of relaxation, recovery, restoration and development of physical, psychological and emotional strength. This type of tourism is the most widespread.

Health tourism - trips made for health and medical purposes. Wellness holiday is an individual type of trismus, which, depending on the means of influence on the human body, is divided into climate, balneo, sea and mud therapy. This also includes beach holidays.

Educational tourism includes trips to get acquainted with natural, historical and cultural attractions, museums, theaters, the social system and traditions of the people in the visited country. The basis educational tourism- rich excursion program.

Business tourism covers travel for official or professional purposes without receiving income at the place of temporary stay. Travel for business purposes is considered one of the most important components of international tourist exchange.

Religious tourism is based on the religious needs of people of different faiths. Traveling for religious purposes (pilgrimage) - oldest species tourism with deep historical roots

Ethnic tourism pursues the goal of visiting relatives and places of birth. This type of tourism occupies an important place in international tourist exchange. Ethnic tourism is of particular importance for countries where part of the population lives abroad.

Ecotourism is aimed at familiarization with natural values, environmental education and education. The peculiarity of organizing this type of tourism is to ensure minimal impact on nature, create a network of ecological hotels, and provide tourists with environmentally friendly food.

Rural tourism includes tourists visiting rural areas, recreation and recreation in ecologically clean areas.

Adventure tourism is a unique type of recreation associated with visiting exotic places(volcanoes, islands, waterfalls), engaging in an unusual activity, using specific Vehicle (balloons, dog sleds). In many cases, such tourism is associated with risk and serious physical exertion.

Sports tourism, depending on the purpose of travel, is divided into active and passive. In the first case, the main motivation of the tourist is the opportunity to practice his favorite sport. In the second, the purpose of the trip is to attend sports competitions as a spectator.

Tourism is the temporary movement of people to another area without paid activity; it differs from travel in a short period of time. In turn, tourism is divided into certain types, characterized by the method of organization, sources of financing, component services and services to the population, etc.

Tourist travel for recreation and entertainment is the most widespread among other types. This direction of tourism is characterized by 3 features (according to Aleksandrova A.Yu., 2001):

1. Intraregional trips prevail over interregional ones.

Their ratio is 82: 18. In Europe, intraregional tourist flows account for up to 90% of all departures, in America and the Asia-Pacific macroregion - up to 75%.

2. Meridional orientation of tourist flows. Tourists from northern countries mostly relax on the shore warm seas, there is an expansion of counter flows from south to north.

3. The exchange of tourists between former metropolises and colonies has developed. This is facilitated by strong traditional ties, the absence of a language barrier, and simplified tourist formalities.

Europe is the largest market for leisure and entertainment tourism. This is where the main tourist flows are formed and sent here. The intraregional nature of tourism is more pronounced than the interregional one. Intensive intra-European exchange is facilitated by:

A large number of countries in a relatively small area;

Close economic, cultural and ethnic ties between states;

Developed network of ground transport communications;

Simplified tourist formalities;

A wide variety of natural recreational and cultural-historical attractions;

Developed tourist infrastructure.

The United States plays an important role in interregional tourist exchange (7%). 3.5% of tourists travel from the Asia-Pacific macroregion to Europe, and 1.6% from Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. Among the regions on the European continent, the most visited is Western Europe - 34.4%, followed by Southern Europe - 29.4%, Central and Eastern Europe – 21,9 %.

The most visited countries for leisure and entertainment tourism are France, Spain and Italy. They account for over 80 million arrivals for the swimming and beach season.

The geography of outbound tourism, recreation and entertainment in Europe is similar to the spatial picture of inbound tourism. The only difference is that the role of Africa, the Middle East and South Asia is increasing in interregional exchange.

Germany is considered the most traveled nation not only in Europe, but also in the world. Every year Germans make over 80 million tourist trips.

The American macroregion ranks second in the world in terms of arrivals. Of the 4 regions of America, the most visited is the North American region (70%), the number of tourists in South America (14,4 %).

In America, the vast majority of tourist flows are concentrated within the region. Exchanges between the USA, Canada and Mexico are especially intense. Thus, over 20 million tourists from the United States visit Mexico annually, and over 15 million people visit Canada. Every year, Americans take over 1 billion trips, primarily for recreation and entertainment, as well as visiting relatives and friends. The routes of most of them lie within the country.

The main destination for interregional exchange for Americans is the European continent (22% of visits). Among other directions, the rapidly growing flow to the Asia-Pacific macroregion stands out. The most attractive countries for Americans are China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Singapore.

In the Asia-Pacific macroregion, tourism is still very young. The main tourist flows are directed to East Asia (57%). Countries South-East Asia preferred by 1/3 of tourists in the macroregion, Hong Kong, Malaysia. Singapore, Thailand, Korea, Indonesia and Taiwan are the most popular tourist destinations.

The economic breakthrough of these countries has led to a sharp development of the leisure and entertainment industry. These territories attract tourists with opportunities beach holiday and exotic. Japan attracts visitors with its entertainment industry. Japan plays a leading role in outbound tourism (up to 30 million trips for entertainment and shopping).

In Africa, Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco stand out in the market for beach, bathing and sightseeing tourism.

The Middle East plays a secondary role in this direction.

Control questions:

1. Characteristic features of tourism, recreation and entertainment.

2. What factors contribute to the development of intra-European exchange?

3. Name the most visited countries in Europe and the most traveled nation in the world.

4. What are the features of the development of tourism for the purpose of recreation and entertainment in the American macroregion?

5. Describe the main flows of tourist travel for the purpose of recreation and entertainment in the Asia-Pacific macroregion.

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Tourist travel for recreation and entertainment is the most widespread among other types. This direction of tourism is characterized by 3 features (according to Aleksandrova A.Yu., 2001):

1. Intraregional trips prevail over interregional ones.

Their ratio is 82: 18. In Europe, intraregional tourist flows account for up to 90% of all departures, in America and the Asia-Pacific macroregion - up to 75%.

2. Meridional orientation of tourist flows. Tourists from northern countries mainly relax on the shores of warm seas; there is an expansion of oncoming flows from south to north.

A large number of countries in a relatively small area;

Close economic, cultural and ethnic ties between states;

Developed network of ground transport communications;

Simplified tourist formalities;

A wide variety of natural recreational and cultural-historical attractions;

Developed tourist infrastructure.

The most visited countries for leisure and entertainment tourism are France, Spain and Italy. They account for over 80 million arrivals for the swimming and beach season.

Germany is considered the most traveled nation not only in Europe, but also in the world. Every year Germans make over 80 million tourist trips.

In the Asia-Pacific macroregion, tourism is still very young. The main tourist flows are directed to East Asia (57%). The countries of Southeast Asia are preferred by 1/3 of the tourists in the macroregion, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. Singapore, Thailand, Korea, Indonesia and Taiwan are the most popular tourist destinations.

The economic breakthrough of these countries has led to a sharp development of the leisure and entertainment industry. These territories attract tourists with their beach holiday opportunities and exotic surroundings. Japan attracts visitors with its entertainment industry. Japan plays a leading role in outbound tourism (up to 30 million trips for entertainment and shopping).